Risk and Protective Factors Addressed

The long-range goal of the SFP 10-14 is reduced substance use and behavior problems during adolescence. Intermediate objectives include improved parental nurturing and limit-setting skills, improved communication skills for both parents and youth, and youth prosocial skills development. The risk and protective factors for parents and youth that are addressed in each session are shown in table 1.


Table 1: Risk and Protective Factors
 
Factors Addressed
 
Session
Protective
Risk
Session 1Positive future orientation, goal setting and planning, supportive family involvement.Demanding/rejectingbehavior, poor communication skills.

Session 2Age-appropriate parental expectations, positive parent-child affect, empathy with parents.Harsh and inappropriate discipline, poor child-parent relationship.
Session 3Emotional management skills, family cohesiveness.Harsh, inconsistent, or inappropriate discipline; poor communication of rules; child aggressive or withdrawn behavior.
Session 4Youth reflective skills, empathy with parents, prosocial family values. Poor parental monitoring; poor, harsh, inconsistent, or inappropriate discipline; youth antisocial behaviors.
Session 5Cohesive, supportive family environment; consistent discipline; meaningful family involvement; empathetic family communication; social skills; peer refusal skills. Indulgent or harsh parenting style, family conflict, negative peer influence.
Session 6Positive parent-child affect, clear parental expectations regarding substance use, interpersonal social skills, peer refusal skills.Poor school performance, negative peer influence.
Session 7Positive parent-child affect, reinforcement of risk reduction skills addressed in the program, reinforcement of protective factors and youth assets. Poorly managed adult stress, poor social skills in youth.
Booster Session 1Prosocial peer interaction skills, effective stress and coping skills.Ineffective conflict management skills, poorly managed adult stress.
Booster Session 2Conflict resolution skills, positive marital interaction.Peer conflict and aggression, hostile family interactions.
Booster Session 3Cohesive, supportive family environment; empathy with parents; consistent discipline.Harsh and inappropriate discipline, poor child-parent relationship, poor communication of rules.
Booster Session 4Positive marital interaction, family cohesiveness, peer refusal skills.Ineffective conflict management skills, negative peer influence, inappropriate parental expectations.


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The Strengthening Families Program: For Parents and Youth 10-14		 Juvenile Justice Bulletin • August 2000