Background

The JAIBG program was established to strengthen the juvenile justice system by encouraging states and local jurisdictions to implement accountability-based programs and services.² OJJDP awards block grants to states, which must pass through at least 75 percent of the funds to local jurisdictions. JAIBG funds are available for 12 purpose areas (see table 1). A formula based on law enforcement expenditures and the number of violent crimes is used to allocate funds among units of local government. States and localities must provide a cash match of 10 percent (50 percent for construction projects). To be eligible to receive JAIBG funds, states and localities must use a Juvenile Crime Enforcement Coalition to develop a Coordinated Enforcement Plan for reducing juvenile crime. JAIBG also supports program-related research, demonstration, evaluation, training, and technical assistance activities.

JAIBG (12 areas)		JABG (16 areas)
1) Corrections/detention facilities: Building, expanding, renovating, or operating temporary or permanent juvenile corrections or detention facilities, including training of personnel (JABG 2). 2) Accountability-based sanctions: Developing and administering accountability-based sanctions for juvenile offenders (JABG 11). 3) Court staffing and pretrial services: Hiring additional juvenile court judges, probation officers, and court-appointed defenders, and funding pretrial services for juveniles, to ensure the smooth and expeditious administration of the juvenile justice system (JABG 3). 4) Prosecutors (staffing): Hiring additional prosecutors so that more cases involving violent juvenile offenders can be prosecuted and backlogs reduced (JABG 4). 5) Prosecutors (funding to improve effectiveness): Providing funding to enable prosecutors to address more effectively problems related to drugs, gangs, and youth violence (JABG 5). 6) Prosecutors (funding for technology, equipment, training): Providing funding for technology, equipment, and training to assist prosecutors in identifying violent juvenile offenders and expediting their prosecution (JABG 5). 7) Juvenile courts and probation: Providing funding to enable juvenile courts and juvenile probation officers to be more effective and efficient in holding juvenile offenders accountable and reducing recidivism (JABG 15). 8) Juvenile gun courts: Establishing court-based juvenile justice programs that target young firearms offenders through the creation of juvenile gun courts for the adjudication and prosecution of these offenders (JABG 7) . 9) Juvenile drug courts: Establishing drug court programs to provide continuing judicial supervision over juvenile offenders with substance abuse problems and to integrate administration of other sanctions and services for such offenders (JABG 8). 10) Information sharing: Establishing and maintaining interagency information-sharing programs that enable the juvenile and criminal justice systems, schools, and social services agencies to make more informed decisions regarding the early identification, control, supervision, and treatment of juveniles who repeatedly commit serious delinquent or criminal acts (JABG 10). 11) Accountability and school safety: Establishing and maintaining accountability-based programs that work with juvenile offenders who are referred by law enforcement agencies, or programs that are designed (in cooperation with law enforcement officials) to protect students and school personnel from drug, gang, and youth violence (JABG 11 [accountability programs] and JABG 13 [school programs] ). 12) Controlled substance testing policy: Implementing a policy of controlled substance testing for appropriate categories of youth within the juvenile justice system (JABG 12).		1) Graduated sanctions: Developing, implementing, and administering graduated sanctions for juvenile offenders (NEW). 2) Corrections/detention facilities (JAIBG 1). 3) Court staffing and pretrial services: Hiring juvenile court judges, probation officers, and court-appointed defenders and special advocates, and funding pretrial services (including mental health screening and assessment) for juvenile offenders, to promote the effective and expeditious administration of the juvenile justice system (revises JAIBG 3). 4) Prosecutors (staffing) (JAIBG 4). 5) Prosecutors (funding): Providing funding to enable prosecutors to address drug, gang, and youth violence problems more effectively and for technology, equipment, and training to assist prosecutors in identifying and expediting the prosecution of violent juvenile offenders (combines JAIBG 5 and 6). 6) Training for law enforcement and court personnel: Establishing and maintaining training programs for law enforcement and other court personnel with respect to preventing and controlling juvenile crime (NEW). 7) Juvenile gun courts: Establishing juvenile gun courts for the prosecution and adjudication of juvenile firearms offenders (revises JAIBG 8). 8) Juvenile drug courts (JAIBG 9). 9) Juvenile records system: Establishing and maintaining a system of juvenile records designed to promote public safety (NEW). 10) Information sharing (JAIBG 10). 11) Accountability: Establishing and maintaining accountability-based programs designed to reduce recidivism among juveniles who are referred by law enforcement personnel or agencies (revises JAIBG 2 and 11). 12) Risk and needs assessment: Establishing and maintaining programs to conduct risk and needs assessments of juvenile offenders that facilitate effective early intervention and the provision of comprehensive services, including mental health screening and treatment and substance abuse testing and treatment, to such offenders (NEW, incorporates JAIBG 12). 13) School safety: Establishing and maintaining accountability-based programs that are designed to enhance school safety (revises JAIBG 11). 14) Restorative justice: Establishing and maintaining restorative justice programs (NEW). 15) Juvenile courts and probation: Establishing and maintaining programs to enable juvenile courts and juvenile probation officers to be more effective and efficient in holding juvenile offenders accountable and reducing recidivism (revises JAIBG 7). 16) Detention/corrections personnel: Hiring detention and corrections personnel and establishing and maintaining training programs for such personnel, to improve facility practices and programming (NEW).

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Changes to OJJDP’s Juvenile Accountability Program	OJJDP Bulletin • June 2003