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IV.
The National Drug Control
Budget
The
FY 2001 National Drug Control Budget supports the five goals and
thirty-one objectives of the National Drug Control Strategy
and is structured to make progress toward the targets outlined in
the Performance Measures of Effectiveness (PME) system. In
total, funding recommended for FY 2001 is $19.2 billion, an increase
of $760 million over the FY 2000 level of $18.5 billion, which includes
proposed supplemental funding of $954 million to support Plan
Colombia and drug control activities in the Andean region. A
summary of drug-control spending for FY 1998 through FY 2001 is
presented in Figure 4-1.
Funding
by department for FY 1999 to FY 2001 is displayed in Table 4-1.
Additional resources for supply-reduction programs in the Departments
of Justice, Treasury, Transportation, State, and Defense will aid
efforts in Colombia and the Andean region, support security along
the Southwest border, and continue enforcement operations targeting
domestic sources of illegal drugs. Demand-reduction efforts by the
Departments of Health and Human Services and Education will support
programs to increase public drug treatment, provide basic research
on drug use, and continue prevention efforts aimed at school children.
Support
for Plan Colombia & the Andean Region
The
President's budget proposes $1.6 billion in FY 2000 and FY 2001
funding for counternarcotics efforts in the Andean Region, primarily
in Colombia. This builds on current funding for Colombia of over
$330 million and includes $1.3 billion in new funding. An estimated
80 percent of the cocaine that enters the United States originates
in or passes through Colombia. Up to eight metric tons of heroin
is produced annually in Colombia, and much of this total is shipped
to the United States. Cultivation of coca, the raw material for
cocaine, has nearly tripled in Colombia since 1992. In addition,
Colombian traffickers and coca farmers have recently adopted new
cultivation and processing techniques, increasing the amount of
drugs processed from each acre of crop. Colombia now cultivates
more than half of the coca leaf grown in the world. If unchecked,
the rapid expansion of coca crops and cocaine production in Colombia
threatens to increase significantly the global supply of cocaine
over the next several years.
Efforts
by the government of Colombia to attack the drug trade are hampered
by the fact that guerrillas and paramilitary groups control Colombia's
major drug-producing regions. In addition to these armed groups,
organized drug mafias continue to run international aspects of Colombia's
drug trade. The money produced by the drug trade enriches these
outlaw groups, which generate violence and corruption while threatening
Colombia's democratic institutions. These problems contribute to
the country's insecurity, which is compounded by the worst economic
recession Colombia has experienced in almost seventy years.
The
democratically elected government of Colombian President Andres
Pastrana devised a comprehensive, integrated strategy, called Plan
Colombia, to address Colombia's drug and interrelated social
and economic troubles. The Administration proposes $1.6 billion
for assistance, including an increase of $1.3 billion in support
of Plan Colombia — consisting of a FY 2000 supplemental
appropriation of $954 million and new FY 2001 funding of $318 million.
No
single solution can cure all of Colombia's difficulties. Consequently,
the program is an integrated combination of funds for Colombian
counterdrug efforts and for other programs to help President Pastrana
strengthen democracy and promote prosperity. The proposal would
enhance alternative development; strengthen the justice system and
other democratic institutions; and provide counterdrug equipment,
training, and technical assistance to Colombian police and military
forces. The U.S. government is encouraging our allies, along with
various international institutions, to assist Colombia in implementing
President Pastrana's plan. The budget proposal provides additional
funding for counterdrug regional interdiction and alternative development
to shore up significant gains against drug production in Peru and
Bolivia and prevents traffickers from simply moving their operations
to avoid law enforcement.
Major
Increases in FY 2001
The
following major increases in drug-control funding are included in
the President's FY 2001 budget for prevention and treatment
programs:
- Stop Drugs
– Stop Crime: +$112 million. In order to break the cycle
of drug use and its consequences, drug-abusing inmates in local, state
and federal correctional systems need access to drug treatment and
supervision. The President's FY 2001 budget includes several enhancements
in support of this effort:
- OJP &
ONDCP Support: +$100 million. New funding is requested to
help states and localities implement new systems of drug testing,
treatment, and graduated sanctions for persons under supervision
of the criminal justice system — including prisoners, parolees
and probationers. This funding consists of $75 million provided
through the Office of Justice Programs (OJP) and $25 million from
ONDCP's Special Forfeiture Fund. OJP's support includes $25 million
targeted to offenders who are re-entering society.
- Drug Courts:
+$10 million. These additional resources will bring total
funding for the Drug Courts program to $50 million in FY 2001.
This initiative provides alternatives to incarceration through
using the coercive power of the court to force abstinence and
alter behavior with a combination of escalating sanctions, mandatory
drug testing, treatment, and strong aftercare programs.
- Residential
Substance Abuse Treatment (RSAT) Program: +$2 million. This
funding will continue expansion of the RSAT program. RSAT is a
formula grant program that provides funds to states for state
and local correctional agencies to provide intensive drug treatment
to hardcore drug users before and after they are released from
prison.
- National Youth
Anti-Drug Media Campaign: +$10 million. These additional resources
bring total federal funding for ONDCP's Media Campaign to $195 million
for FY 2001. This figure will be matched by private sector contributions.
In conjunction with other federal, state, local, and private experts,
ONDCP is implementing a $2 billion, multi-year national media campaign,
including paid advertisements. The campaign targets youth, their parents,
mentors and other influential adults about the consequences of illicit
drug use. The anti-drug media campaign uses television, the Internet,
radio, newspapers, and other media outlets.
- Safe and Drug-Free
Schools Program: +$50 million. The President's Budget includes
$40 million to expand the interagency Safe Schools/Healthy Students
initiative, which supports community-wide prevention activities in
conjunction with HHS and the Department of Justice. Also, the budget
includes $50 million to continue the School Coordinator Initiative,
started in FY 1999. In FY 2001, this effort will support drug and
violence prevention coordinators in over 1,300 middle schools across
the country to ensure that local programs are effective and link school-based
prevention programs to community-based efforts.
- Targeted Capacity
Expansion (TCE) Program: +$53.8 million. This additional funding
will help the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
(SAMHSA) expand the availability of drug treatment in areas of existing
or emerging treatment need. Further, these new resources will enable
SAMHSA to provide additional states with State Incentive Grants.
- Substance
Abuse Block Grant Program: +$31.0 million ($22 million drug-related).
This increase for SAMHSA's Substance Abuse Block Grant will provide
funding to states for treatment and prevention services. This program
is the backbone of federal efforts to reduce the gap between those
who are actively seeking substance abuse treatment and the capacity
of the public treatment system.
- Treatment
and Prevention Research: +$37.2 million. The FY 2001 budget includes
new funding for research conducted by the National Institutes of Health.
Research is essential in educating America's youth to reject drugs
and decreasing the health and social cost of drugs to the American
public. Funding supports activities of the National Institute on Drug
Abuse (NIDA), whose programs include the National Drug Abuse Treatment
Clinical Trials Network, prevention research, medications and behavioral
therapies, and relapse prevention.
- Community
Anti-Drug Coalitions: +$5 million. With this enhancement, total
funding for this ONDCP grant program will be $35 million in FY 2001.
This initiative provides resources to groups to build and sustain
effective community coalitions that help prevent drug use by youth.
Sustained, comprehensive prevention at the community level is conducted
by local leaders dealing with drug prevention, treatment, education,
law enforcement, government, faith, and business.
The following
major increases in drug-control funding are included in the President's
FY 2001 budget for supply reduction programs:
- Prison Construction:
+$420 million (drug-related). This enhancement is a multi-year
project that includes program increases for partial site and planning
of two penitentiaries and three medium security facilities in FY 2001.
The balance of funds for these five institutions is requested for
FY 2002 as advance appropriations. Funding is also requested in FY
2001 to complete the construction of ongoing projects, including one
penitentiary and five medium security facilities. Further, advanced
appropriations are being requested (FY 2002 $467 million drug-related,
and FY 2003 $316 million drug-related) for a secure female unit, four
medium security institutions and one penitentiary. The Bureau of Prisons
(BOP) is experiencing dramatic increases in the number of inmates
due to more prosecutions, particularly drug cases. This fact, in combination
with recent increases in immigration cases, is the primary cause of
growth in inmate population.
- Forward Operating
Locations (FOLs) - DoD: $77.9 million. The drug-control budget
for the Department of Defense includes these resources in FY 2001
for Military Construction funding for FOLs in Ecuador, Aruba and Curacao.
This will reinstate some of the counterdrug support capabilities that
had been resident in U.S. military bases in Panama.
- Customs Enforcement
Infrastructure Enhancements: +$112.5 million (drug-related). This
funding will continue Customs efforts to shield America's land, air,
and sea frontiers from the drug threat and provide new funding to
enhance and modernize the Customs Air Program. A portion of these
funds will be used to purchase additional flight safety systems, as
well as upgrades to radar systems and computer capabilities ($19.8
million drug and non-drug).
- Coast Guard's
Campaign Steel Web Enhancements: +$43.8 million (drug-related).
These additional resources will support the United States Coast Guard's
drug-interdiction efforts, primarily in the transit zone region of
the Caribbean and Eastern Pacific. In particular, funding will be
used to expand the implementation of the Coast Guard's non-lethal
use-of-force initiative that has proven effective at disabling non-commercial
maritime craft used to transport illicit narcotics.
- Southwest
Border - INS: +$28.3 million (drug-related). For the INS, a $24.5
million ($163.3 million drug and non-drug) enhancement is requested
for the Border Patrol. This enhancement includes funding for an additional
430 Border Patrol agent positions, $3.0 million (drug-related) to
continue deployment of the Border Patrol's Integrated Surveillance
Intelligence System (ISIS) program, and $7.5 million (drug-related)
for Border Patrol construction projects. In addition, the INS request
includes $3.8 million (drug-related) for additional Immigration Inspector
positions to staff three new ports along the southern border.
- DEA Law Enforcement
Support & Financial Management: +$65 million. This funding will
expand several DEA activities, including infrastructure support for
the FIREBIRD system, Southwest border and money laundering operations,
intelligence capabilities, and financial management oversight functions.
The principal component of this initiative ($56 million) is for FIREBIRD,
the primary office automation infrastructure that provides essential
computer tools for agents and support staff.
Spending
by Strategy Goal
Funding by Strategy
Goal is summarized in Table 4-2. Funding priorities include resources
to reduce drug use by young people (Goal 1), make treatment available
to chronic users (Goal 3), interdict the flow of drugs at our borders
(Goal 4), and target international and domestic sources of illegal
drugs and crime associated with criminal enterprises (Goals 2 and
5). In FY 2001, funding of $2.2 billion is requested for Goal 1,
a net increase of $68 million over FY 2000, and $3.7 billion for
Goal 3, an increase of $202 million (5.7 percent) over FY 2000.
Further, multiagency efforts, which target ports-of-entry and the
Southwest border, will expand funding for Goal 4 to $2.5 billion
in FY 2001, an increase of 11.4 percent. Funding requested for Goal
2 is $8.2 billion in FY 2001, an increase of $665 million, and resources
devoted to Goal 5 will reach $2.5 billion in FY 2001. The budget
for Goal 5 includes proposed funding of $954 million in FY 2000
and $318 million in FY 2001 to support Plan Colombia and
drug control activities in the Andean region.
Funding
Priorities: FY 2001 - FY 2005
By law, ONDCP
must annually report its program and budget priorities over a five-year
planning period. These priorities also are highlighted in ONDCP's
consolidated five-year Drug Control Budget: FY 2001 to FY 2005.
This volume, required by statute, is produced by ONDCP each November.
Through FY 2005, funding for the following major program areas will
be emphasized through ONDCP's drug-budget authorities:
- Support for Plan
Colombia and drug control activities in the Andean region
- National Youth
Anti-Drug Media Campaign
- Criminal Justice
Treatment Programs and closing the public treatment gap
- Drug Courts
- Community Coalitions
- School Drug-Prevention
Programs
- High Intensity
Drug Trafficking Area (HIDTA) Programs
- Southwest Border
Programs
- Intelligence
Architecture Support
- Regional Interdiction
Architecture: Forward Operating Locations.
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