MENU TITLE: Teleconference Videotape Participant's. Guide Series: OJJDP Published: Summer 1996 21 pages 41,139 bytes U.S. Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Participant's Resource Packet for the Effective Programs for Serious, Violent and Chronic Juvenile Offenders: An Examination of Three Model Interventions and Intensive Aftercare Initiatives National Satellite Teleconference Teleconference produced by: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention U.S. Department of Justice 633 Indiana Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20531 in association with Juvenile Justice Telecommunications Assistance Project Training Resource Center Eastern Kentucky University 301 Perkins Building Richmond, KY 40475-3127 Michael A. Jones, Project Manager Juvenile Justice Telecommunications Assistance Project 606-622-6270 ------------------------------ Greetings from OJJDP The Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) has taken steps in the field of juvenile justice to ensure that the provision of training and information is delivered in a timely, effective and efficient manner. OJJDP believes that one of the most promising and innovative approaches includes telecommunication technology. Through today's satellite teleconference, OJJDP hopes to present a small, but critical component outlined and discussed in the Comprehensive Strategy for Serious, Violent, and Chronic Juvenile Offenders regarding effective programming and aftercare initiatives for the target population. OJJDP's Comprehensive Strategy provides a framework for strategic responses at the community, city, state, and national levels. The results of an intensive review of programs, along with the findings of 15 years of careful research point the way toward an understanding of the crucial elements of success in graduated sanctions programs for young offenders. A number of past and current programs across the country have achieved credible results using some combination of these crucial elements. It can be said with confidence that some programs do work when they are carefully conceived, properly implemented, and provided with enough resources to do the job they set out to do. The Florida Environmental Institute's Last Chance Ranch, the Texas Youth Commission's Capital Offender Program and the Multi-Systemic Treatment Approach originally implemented in South Carolina provide quality examples of high-performing initiatives that have been empirically validated as "best practices" in working with serious, violent and chronic juvenile offenders. Moreover, these programs combine effective interventions with this target population which focus upon building personal accountability for behavior while providing for public safety. These endeavors are not alone in working with this target population. Many excellent graduated sanction programs exist across the United States. Each program is outlined in the OJJDP's Guide for Implementing the Comprehensive Strategy for Serious, Violent, and Chronic Juvenile Offenders (see below for ordering information). The Guide provides the necessary tools and program information to systematically and comprehensively address rising violent juvenile crime. Implementing the Comprehensive Strategy, however, will require a true national commitment to improving our juvenile justice system and providing appropriate prevention and programmatic interventions for our youth. We hope that today's teleconference provides you and your agency some critical and informative ideas and concepts around which to develop and/or strengthen serious, violent and chronic youthful offender programs in your area. In addition, we encourage you to obtain the relevant OJJDP documents to supplement this teleconference. Only through your dedication and commitment can long-term, positive changes be made to the juvenile justice system. We hope you enjoy today's teleconference! To obtain a free copy of OJJDP's Guide for Implementing the Comprehensive Strategy for Serious, Violent, and Chronic Juvenile Offenders, or for information about online access to the Guide, write or call: Juvenile Justice Clearinghouse, PO Box 6000, Rockville, Maryland 20849-6000, 800-638-8736. ------------------------------ This satellite teleconference was developed through the collaboration and hard work of numerous individuals and agencies. Special thanks for the commitment and dedication displayed by each agency in their involvement. Key contributors include: Florida Environmental Institute (FEI) Associated Marine Institutes 5915 Benjamin Center Drive Tampa, FL 33634 Capital Offender Program (COP) Texas Youth Commission 4900 North Lamar PO Box 4260 Austin, TX 78765 Family & Neighborhood Services Project Multi-Systemic Treatment (MST) Approach Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences Medical University of South Carolina 171 Ashley Avenue Charleston, SC 29425 Institute for Policy Studies Johns Hopkins University Wyman Park Building 3400 North Charles Street Baltimore, MD 21218-2696 National Conference of State Legislatures 1560 Broadway Suite 700 Denver, CO 80202 National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges PO Box 8970 Reno, NV 89507 ------------------------------ Broadcast Objectives Effective Programs for Serious, Violent and Chronic Juvenile Offenders: An Examination of Three Model Interventions and Intensive Aftercare Initiatives will help . . . o to provide information concerning unique and effective intervention strategies with serious, violent and chronic juvenile offenders in three highlighted community-based or secure correctional settings; o to provide information on the importance of effective intensive aftercare programs; o to provide a forum for the exchange of ideas concerning the replication elsewhere of some of the effective elements of the highlighted programs. Thank you for your dedication to the nation's youth! ------------------------------ This document was prepared by the Eastern Kentucky University Training Resource Center under grant #95-JN-MU-0001 from the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, Office of Justice Program, U.S. Department of Justice. Points of view or opinions stated in this document are those of the authors and not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. The Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention is a component of the Office of Justice Programs, which also includes the Bureau of Justice Assistance, the Bureau of Justice Statistics, the National Institute of Justice and the Office for Victims of Crime. ------------------------------ OJJDP National Satellite Teleconference Effective Programs for Serious, Violent and Chronic Juvenile Offenders: An Examination of Three Model Interventions and Intensive Aftercare Initiatives Table of Contents Agenda Featured Program Overviews Florida Environmental Institute (FEI) Capital Offender Program (COP) Family & Neighborhood Services Project (Multi-Systemic Treatment Approach) The Importance of Intensive Aftercare Panelists' Biographical Information References ------------------------------ OJJDP National Satellite Teleconference Effective Programs for Serious, Violent and Chronic Juvenile Offenders: An Examination of Three Model Interventions and Intensive Aftercare Initiatives Agenda October 11, 1995 Broadcast Time 1:30 p.m. (EDT) 12:30 p.m. (CTD) 11:30 a.m. (MDT) 10:30 a.m. (PDT) The items below are listed in this order: Activity Time Length (All times are EDT) Approximate Time Pre-Teleconference Activities (Conducted by local facilitator) Pre-teleconference activities should include familiarization with site surroundings, introduction of other participants, an introduction and program overview provided by the site facilitator, preliminary discussion of issues surrounding youth care programs for serious, violent, and chronic juvenile offenders in the local area, and review of Participant Packet materials. 30 minutes 1:00-1:30 Test Signal (Effective Programs) 15 minutes 1:15-1:30 Broadcast Begins 1:30 Teleconference Introduction (Bonnie Krasik, Moderator) 1 minute 1:30-1:31 OJJDP Welcome (Shay Bilchik, Administrator) 1 minute 1:31-1:32 Florida Environmental Institute Introduction 1 minute 1:32-1:33 Overview of Florida Environmental Institute 12 minutes 1:33-1:45 Panel Discussion/Call-In 15 minutes 1:45-2:00 Capital Offender Program Introduction 1 minute 2:00-2:01 Overview of Capital Offender Program 12 minutes 2:01-2:13 Panel Discussion/Call-In 15 minutes 2:13-2:28 Break/Activity 10 minutes 2:28-2:38 Multi-Systemic Treatment Approach Introduction 1 minute 2:38-2:39 Overview of Multi-Systemic Treatment Approach 12 minutes 2:39-2:51 Panel Discussion/Call-In 16 minutes 2:51-3:07 Aftercare Program Introduction 1 minute 3:07-3:08 Overview of Aftercare Program 5 minutes 3:08-3:13 Panel Discussion/Call-In 15 minutes 3:13-3:28 Upcoming OJJDP Events 1 minute 3:28-3:29 Closing Credits 1 minute 3:29-3:30 Broadcast Ends 3:30 Post-Teleconference Discussion (Conducted by local facilitator) Post-teleconference discussion should focus on key issues discussed in the program. 30 minutes ------------------------------ OJJDP National Satellite Teleconference Effective Programs for Serious, Violent and Chronic Juvenile Offenders: An Examination of Three Model Interventions and Intensive Aftercare Initiatives Featured Program Overviews Florida Environmental Institute The Florida Environmental Institute (FEI), also known as "The Last Chance Ranch," targets Florida's most serious juvenile offenders. It is operated by Associated Marine Institutes (AMI), a network of affiliated residential and non-residential programs that operates in seven States. FEI is located in a remote area of the Florida Everglades. It has a capacity of 40 youth--20 in the residential portion of the program and 20 in the non-residential aftercare component. FEI receives two-thirds of its referrals from the adult justice system. Under Florida law, a juvenile who has been found guilty as an adult may be returned to the juvenile justice system for treatment. FEI-referred youth average 18 prior offenses and 11.5 prior felonies. Almost two-thirds (63 percent) are committed for crimes against persons, the rest for chronic property or drug offenses. Although FEI handles serious offenders, it is not a locked facility. Nevertheless, it is considered a secure facility because it is in an extremely remote location completely surrounded by forest and swamp. This physical isolation, in addition to a low staff-to-student ratio, protects the publics' safety. The average length of participation in FEI is 18 months, with a residential stay of at least 9 months. All but a handful of participants return to their communities after they have met strict educational, social, and behavioral objectives. The FEI philosophy reflects the following imperatives: o Treat youth in the least restrictive setting that is appropriate. o Focus on education as a means of reducing recidivism. o View hard work as therapeutic and a way to increase vocational skills. o Employ a system of rewards for positive behavior and sanctions for inappropriate behavior. o Promote bonding with staff role models. o Provide a strong aftercare component. The FEI program begins with a 3-day orientation program, during which case treatment plans are established, work projects are assigned, and the bonding process between staff and students begins. Phase 1, which emphasizes work and education, has a low staff-to-student ratio of 3 or 4 to 1. Students must earn points to move on to the second phase, where they can participate in paid work projects to help with restitution payments. Near the end of the second phase, the program's community coordinator takes the students back to their communities to assist aftercare job placement and to work on rebuilding family relationships. In the third phase, students live in the community but maintain constant contact with the institute. Aftercare staff, with small caseloads of six, contact the students at least four times per week. They assist with job searches, family problems, and other issues. The youth must adhere to a strict curfew. If they break curfew or engage in criminal activity, they are returned to the residential part of the program. Outcome data on a sample of 21 FEI graduates are quite promising. A 3-year follow-up study found that only one-third of the sample were convicted of new crimes during this extended period. While no control group was used in this study making it difficult to assess program effectiveness, studies of training school releases indicate must higher recidivism rates--50 to 70 percent. Program cost data indicate that $114 is expended per day for each juvenile in the FEI initiative. This compares favorable to the $109 per day in Florida's state institutions. Capital Offender Program The Capital Offender Program (COP) at Giddings State Home and School in Texas, began in 1988, as an innovative group treatment program for juveniles committed for homicide. It is an intensive, 16-week program involving a group of eight juveniles and two or three staff members in a secure setting. The group meets twice a week for approximately 3 hours each session. Recently, a residential treatment component has been added to COP wherein the eight students live together in the same cottage until their release. Most program participants are incarcerated at Giddings for an average of 2 1/2 to 3 years. Youth must meet four criteria to be eligible for the COP program: o They must be committed for homicide (capital murder, murder, or voluntary manslaughter). o They must have been at Giddings for at least 12 months and have at least 6 months remaining on their sentences. o They must be at either a senior or pre-release level at Giddings. o They cannot be diagnosed as psychotic or mentally retarded, or have a pervasive developmental disorder. The primary goals of the COP program are to promote verbal expression of feelings, to foster empathy for victims, to create a sense of personal responsibility and to decrease feelings of hostility and aggression. The COP treatment approach focuses on groups psychotherapy with an emphasis on role-playing. In addition to role-playing their life stories, participants role-play their homicidal offense, re-enacting the crime first from the perpetrators' perspective and then from the victim's. Two COP groups run concurrently, each led by a Ph.D.-level psychologist and a master's-level therapist. Psychologists are also available for individual counseling should a student have emotional reactions requiring more intensive support. COP psychologists receive extra training before participating in the program. COP has been rigorously evaluated by the Texas Youth Commission to determine both in-program effects on personality measures and post-release outcomes. While in the program, youth displayed significant changes in the following areas: o Levels of hostility and aggression. o Extent of internal control and ability to assume responsibility. o Degree of empathy for their victims. To assess COP's impact on recidivism, the evaluators compared COP participants' rearrest and reconviction rates at 1- and 3-year intervals after release with those of a control group of untreated capital offenders. The control group consisted of youth who were not served by the program because of space limitations. At 1 year after release, the COP participants (n=51) showed a significantly lower rearrest rate than the control youth (n=77), 22 percent versus 40 percent, as well as a lower rate of reincarceration, 0 percent versus 13 percent. After 3 years, however, these differences disappeared. COP youth (n=17) had rearrest rates nearly equal to those of control youth (n=23), 35 percent compared with 39 percent. Also, they were not significantly less likely to be reincarcerated, 6 percent versus 22 percent. Still, both the in-program changes and the short term impact on recidivism suggest that COP should be considered a promising strategy for violent offenders. The state-operated COP program costs $75 per day, per juvenile, to maintain. Family and Neighborhood Services Project (Multi-Systemic Treatment) The Family and Neighborhood Services (FANS) project is a public program in South Carolina that employs the principles of "multisystemic" therapy, a "highly individualized family and home-based treatment," designed to deal with offenders in the context of their family and community problems (Henggeler et al., 1992). Based in a community mental health center, the program represents a cooperative effort between the State's Department of Youth Services and Department of Mental Health, FANS attempts to avoid the institutionalization of seriously troubled youth. The program is rooted in a developmental model derived partly from Urie Bronfenbrenner's "ecological" approach--the idea that the adolescent is "nested" in a series of institutions (family, school, peers, and community) and that work with the youth must involve several or all of these institutions, hence multisystemic. Youth referred to FANS from the Department of Youth Services were at imminent risk of out-of-home placement because of the seriousness of their offense histories. They averaged 3.5 previous arrests and 9.5 weeks of previous incarceration. Over half had at least one arrest for a violent crime, including manslaughter, assault with intent to kill, and aggravated assault. Seventy-seven percent of the sample were male, and 56 percent were African-American. More than one-quarter lived with neither biological parent. The program employed therapists with master's degrees who were assigned small caseloads of four families each. The therapists worked with the families on average for just over four months. Treatment integrity was maintained through a brief training program in the principles of multisystemic therapy and regular supervision and feedback from the programs' directors. The caseworkers were available on a 24-hour basis and saw the juvenile and the family as often as once daily, most often in the juvenile's home. The project was evaluated using a random-assignment design that compared program participants with youth who received the regular services provided by the Department of Youth Services. The latter youth received normal probation treatment, including at least once-monthly visits with probation officers; some who did not comply with probation orders were sent to institutions. Though many of the "usual services" youth were referred by DYS for mental health services, few substantive services were delivered because of the relative lack of serious alternative programs in the community (Henggeler et al., 1992, p. 955). The evaluation findings were very encouraging despite considerable attrition, especially in the usual services group. Fifty-nine weeks after the initial referral, there were significant positive differences in incarceration, arrests, and self-reported offenses between FANS and control youth. FANS participants had slightly more than half as many arrests as the usual services control youth: 68 percent of control youth experienced some incarceration compared with 20 percent of the FANS group. FANS youth had no arrests compared with 38 percent of control youth. These findings were reinforced by self-report measures and by favorable changes among the FANS group regarding family cohesion and reduced aggression with peers. Moreover, there effects were found equally among youth of varying ethnic backgrounds and both genders, as well as among youth with differing arrest and incarceration histories. The results are particularly noteworthy because the referred youth were serious offenders who, with their families, "presented extremely serious and long-standing problems" (Henggeler et al., 1992, p. 958). Even given the intensity of the intervention, costs were relatively low, averaging $2,800 per client for a period of several months, compared with more than $16,000 for the usual course of institutionalization in South Carolina. The Importance of Intensive Aftercare The history of failure in efforts by youth corrections to normalize the long-term behavior of delinquent youth returning to their home communities from secure confinement is well-known and has been extensively documented. A variety of reasons including inadequate resources and the related paucity of innovative programming initiative in aftercare, organizational complexity of the system than hinders vital communication and collective decision making, difficulties inherent in coordinating and following up the movement of juvenile offenders across the institution/community boundary, and the resistance of highly criminalized, chronic delinquents at the system's deep-end to all intervention and stabilization strategies, have all been offered as practical explanations for lack of success. In spite of previous best efforts, there are clear and widespread indications of poor performance by these adolescents once they reenter the community, as well as a wealth of documentation in the official records of unacceptable levels of re-offending behavior and alarmingly high rates of recidivism back into the juvenile justice system. Research has increasingly shown that this pattern of failure by juvenile parolees to adjust following release is disproportionately found among a smaller subgroup of released youth who establish a long record of misconduct that has tended to begin at an early age--and often involving quite serous, sometimes violent offenses. Not only do such "high-risk" youth exhibit a persistent pattern of juvenile system contact (e.g., arrests, adjudications, placements), but they are also plagued by a number of other needs-related risk factors frequently involving a combination of problems associated with family, negative peer influence, school difficulties, and substance abuse. This profile suggests the need for multi-modal, interagency collaborations to respond to the array of problems and needs being exhibited by this population. Although many of the initial initiatives in this arena were predominately if not exclusively surveillance-centered, more recent experiments in both juvenile intensive aftercare and probation have become much more sensitive to the necessity to direct increased attention to the provision of services and individualized treatment. At both the levels of theory and practice, these models are driven by a public safety concern for providing highly structured and potentially quite intrusive monitoring. At the same time, they are grounded in a treatment ideology that espouses the utilization of more specialized and intensified types of service and resource provision. The IAP demonstrations are intended to test out the practicality and efficacy of just such a model in Colorado, Nevada, New Jersey and Virginia. Excerpted from Aftercare in the Juvenile Justice System: New Trends and Programs. Perspectives, Summer 1995, by D. Altschuler and T. Armstrong. ------------------------------ OJJDP National Satellite Teleconference Effective Programs for Serious, Violent and Chronic Juvenile Offenders: An Examination of Three Model Interventions and Intensive Aftercare Initiatives Panelists' Biographical Information Shay Bilchik, Administrator, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, Washington, DC Shay Bilchik was confirmed by the United States Senate as Administrator, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) in the Department of Justice on October 7, 1994, and sworn in on October 11, 1994. He previously served as associate Deputy Attorney General in the Office of the Deputy Attorney General. As Administrator, Mr. Bilchik is responsible for the agency congressionally mandated to lead the effort to address the public safety issues of juvenile crime and youth victimization. OJJDP leadership responsibilities include: identifying effective strategies for addressing juvenile crime through research; coordinating, implementing and supporting effective programs and encouraging innovative approaches to deal with existing and emerging juvenile justice issues; developing priorities and goals and setting policies to guide federal juvenile justice issues; providing technical assistance and training to essential components of the juvenile justice system; and dissemination of information on juvenile justice trends, programs and new approaches. Mr. Bilchik began his career in 1977 as an Assistant State Attorney for the 11th Judicial Circuit of Florida in Miami. In 1979, he was promoted to Juvenile Division Chief and later to Deputy Chief Assistant for Administration. In 1985, he became the Chief Assistant for Administration and was responsible for administering an office of over 200 attorneys. He had direct supervision over juvenile prosecution programs including those involving prosecution of juveniles as adults in the Criminal Division. He also established and directed the Child Advocacy Center, which is a multi-disciplinary intake unit for cases involving victims of child abuse. As a prosecutor, Mr. Bilchik served as the coordinator of a number of special programs including the Police-Juvenile Prosecutor Liaison and the School-Juvenile Prosecutor Liaison Projects. He has lectured extensively on juvenile justice issues and served on the faculty of the National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges. In addition, he was the author of the Court Handbook for Dade County Lawyers, Juvenile Practice Section, 1980 and "Prosecuting Juveniles in Criminal Courts--An Empirical Analysis," 1984. Mr. Bilchik has served on numerous task forces and advisory committees dealing with juvenile delinquency and drug abuse issues. He was also involved in the drafting of a number of juvenile justice and child abuse legislative proposals in the State of Florida. Mr. Bilchik received his education at the University of Florida where he earned his B.S.B.A. degree in 1975 and his J.D. in 1977. He and his wife Susan have two children--Melissa age 13 and Zachary age 11. Philip Adams, Executive Director, Florida Environmental Institute (The Last Chance Ranch) In 1978, as a charter boat captain and SCUBA diving instructor, Philip Adams began his career working with juveniles while building artificial reefs offshore the Florida panhandle. Since then, he has enjoyed an illustrious 17 years working in all aspects of the Associated Marine Institutes' programs for juveniles. He is currently the Executive Director of the Last Chance Ranch, AMI's program for Florida's most violent teenage offenders. Located in a remote and swampy location in Florida's interior, the Ranch is home to 25 boys who range in age from 14-18 years old. Their crimes have put them on the verge of serious time in an adult prison. This is truly their "Last Chance." Boasting one of the highest success rates in the nation "The Ranch" has been touted, in several recent broadcast on national TV, as a genuine solution to the escalating problems in violent juvenile crime. "Instilling values and morals in our young people is the key!" says Mr. Adams. "We run the ranch like a good family would. The young men are taught respect and discipline through a strict but loving environment. They work hard everyday, they improve their education, and they go bed at night tired but feeling good about what they've accomplished." Mr. Adams hopes to share his old fashioned common sense approach to solving today's dangerous teenage crime problems. "It's a much more complicated world today, but kids still need to feel loved, they need to feel empowered to control their lives, and they need a job!" David Altschuler, Ph.D., Principal Research Scientist, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD Dr. Altschuler is Principal Research Scientist at the Johns Hopkins Institute for Policy Studies and holds a joint appointment in the Sociology Department. Dr. Altschuler has a doctorate in social service administration and a master's degree in urban studies from the University of Chicago. His work focuses on youth crime, juvenile justice sanctioning and aftercare; privatization in youth corrections; and drug involvement and crime among inner-city youth. Dr. Altschuler is currently Project Director and Co-Principal Investigator of an OJJDP funded research and development project, which has developed a model of intensive aftercare for the high-risk juvenile parolee being released from secure correctional facilities. Corinne Alvarez-Sanders, Ph.D., Director, Capital Offender Program, Giddings State School Dr. Corinne Alvarez-Sanders has over eleven years of clinical experience working with children, adolescents, and adults with severe personality disorders, psychiatric disturbances, conduct disorders, neuropsychological deficits, and chemical dependencies. She has worked in inpatient psychiatric hospital facilities, outpatient psychiatric and chemical dependency treatment facilities, as well as institutions for court-ordered juvenile offenders. She was employed as a staff psychologist for the Texas Youth Commission from July 1992 to August 1993 in the facility for the most violent juvenile offenders in the state of Texas, Giddings State School. Since August 1993, Dr. Alvarez-Sanders has served as Chief Psychologist and Director of Clinical Treatment at Giddings State School. Her duties include clinical supervision of the psychology department, program development, supervision of specialized treatment programs, including the Capital Offender Group as well as overseeing other specialized programs at the facility such as the Sex Offender Treatment Program, Chemical Dependency Treatment Program, Biofeedback, Anger Management groups, Intensive Resocialization Program for offenders with chronic and serious aggression, as well as the general resocialization program. She has presented at numerous state and national conferences on the treatment of homicidal youth, origins of homicide, prevention, and the Capital Offender Group Program at Giddings State School. She has been actively involved in program development and public relations with national and international media regarding the topics of juvenile homicide and efforts to rehabilitate violent juvenile offenders. Honorable Glenda Hatchett, Juvenile Court Judge, Atlanta, Georgia Judge Glenda Hatchett (formerly Judge Glenda Hatchett Johnson) assumed the position of Chief Presiding Judge of the Fulton County Juvenile Court in Atlanta on March 1, 1991. A graduate of Emory University School of Law in Georgia and of Mount Holyoke College in Massachusetts, Judge Hatchett was originally appointed to the court on October 1, 1990. She is Georgia's first African-American chief presiding judge of a state court, as well as department head of one of the largest juvenile court systems in the nation, which includes Atlanta and nine other municipalities. Judge Hatchett is admitted to the bar in both Georgia and the District of Columbia. After her first year on the bench, Judge Hatchett was selected by the National Bar Association's local affiliate as the Outstanding Jurist of the Year for her innovative leadership in revolutionizing the Fulton County Juvenile Court system with public and private partnership initiatives. Judge Hatchett envisioned an early intervention program for unruly and ungovernable children providing services to the children and their families to prevent the children from eventually becoming delinquent; the Truancy Project is a collaborative effort among attorney volunteers and the court that continues to be a success. In addition, Judge Hatchett worked closely with President Jimmy Carter on the Atlanta Project--an unprecedented community effort to attack the social problems associated with poverty in urban areas. Judge Hatchett was the Governor's appointee to the Georgia Children and Youth Coordinating Council and is a member of the Advisory Board of the Morehouse School of Medicine's Center for Child Abuse and Neglect. She is a member of the American Bar Association, the Gate City Bar Association, and the Executive Committee for the Judicial Section of the Atlanta Bar Association. Committed to her involvement in the community, Judge Hatchett has served on the National Board of Directors for Girls, Inc., and the Board of Trustees of the Children's Museum of Atlanta. She is a member of the Advisory Board for the BCCC of the Children's Defense Fund and the Board of Directors for the Metro Atlanta YMCA. Judge Hatchett is active with the George Council of Juvenile Court Judges. Scott W. Henggeler, Ph.D., Family and Neighborhood Services Project Dr. Scott W. Henggeler is Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Director of the Family Services Research Center at the Medical University of South Carolina. He has published more than 125 journal articles, book chapters, and books; and he is on the editorial board of several journals. Recent volumes include Delinquency in Adolescence, Family Behavior Problems of Children and Adolescents (with C.M. Borduin), and Innovative Services for "Difficult to Treat" Populations (with A. Santos). Much of Dr. Henggeler's research concerns serious antisocial behavior in adolescence and the development of effective treatments for such behavior. In collaboration with several colleagues, he has developed the theoretical rationale and intervention procedures for multisystemic therapy, a family- and home-based treatment that has proven effective in studies of inner-city juvenile offenders and abusive and neglectful families in Memphis; adolescent chronic offenders and sexual offenders in Columbia, Missouri; and violent and chronic juvenile offenders in Greenville, South Carolina. Currently, Dr. Henggeler is conducting a NIDA-funded evaluation of the effectiveness of multisystemic therapy with substance abusing delinquents; a NIMH-funded, multi-site study of the diffusion of multisystematic family preservation services for violent and chronic delinquents; and a NIMH-funded evaluation of a family-based alternative to psychiatric hospitalization of youth in crisis. His social policy interests include the development and validation of innovative methods of mental health service for disadvantaged children and their families, and efforts for redistributing mental health resources to services that preserve family integrity and are clinically effective. Bonnie Krasik (Moderator), NBC affiliate WLEX-TV, Lexington, Kentucky Ms. Krasik is the Managing Editor of WLEX-TV in Lexington, Kentucky, where she coordinates the day-to-day operations of a 60-person newsroom. Before moving into management, she was an on-air anchor and special assignment reporter for 13 years during which time she anchored an produced the top-rated "Kentucky Sunrise" morning program. Ms. Krasik does free-lance work for Kentucky Educational Television, and has hosted all three OJJDP satellite teleconferences. Representative Bill Purcell, House Majority Leader, Tennessee General Assembly Representing the National Conference of State Legislatures. Representative Bill Purcell of East Nashville, is House Majority Leader for the Tennessee General Assembly, a position that has put him at the forefront of a host of reforms in education, sentencing, health care, and workers compensation over the past four years. During his brief tenure, Tennessee has twice been ranked the "best managed state" in the country. Representative Purcell represents the 52nd District which encompasses East Nashville. Representative Purcell was first elected to the House of Representatives in the 95th General Assembly and is now serving his fifth term. Throughout his eight years in the House, Representative Purcell has placed a special emphasis on legislation affecting Tennessee's families and children. As chairman of the Select Committee on Children and Youth during the last six years, he has steered legislation through the General Assembly to provide maternity leave, create America's first statewide family preservation program, established the Department of Youth Development, discouraged high school dropouts and promoted Family Resource Centers in Tennessee schools. He is the first urban legislator elected Majority Leader of the Tennessee House of Representatives. During his years as majority leader, Representative Purcell has sponsored and passed legislation undertaking major reforms in Tennessee's schools, courtrooms, industrial plants and board rooms, hospitals and voting booths. He led the two year effort to pass the Education Improvement Act creating 21st Century classrooms in schools across the state. In the last session of the legislature he turned his attention to reforms in the criminal justice system and passed the first legislation ever to provide truth-in-sentencing in Tennessee. He sponsored the "two strikes and you're in" bill. ------------------------------ References Altschuler, David M. and Troy L. Armstrong. 1995. "Aftercare in the Juvenile Justice System: New Trends and Programs," Perspectives, vol. 19, no. 3. Altschuler, David M. and Troy L. Armstrong. 1995. "Managing Aftercare Services for Delinquents," in Barry Glick and Arnold P. Goldstein (eds.), Managing Delinquency Programs that Work, Laurel, MD: American Correctional Association. Altschuler, David M. and Troy L. Armstrong. 1994a. "Intensive Aftercare for High-Risk Juveniles: A Community Care Model." Program Summary. Washington, D.C.: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. NCJ 147575. Free. Altschuler, David M. and Troy L. Armstrong. 1994b. "Intensive Aftercare for High-Risk Juveniles: Policies and Procedures." Program Summary. Washington, D.C.: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. NCJ 147712. Free. Altschuler, David M. and Troy L. Armstrong. 1994c. "Intensive Aftercare for High-Risk Juveniles: An Assessment." Washington, D.C.: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. NCJ 144018. $15.00 (U.S.); $19.50 (other countries). Altschuler, David M. and Troy L. Armstrong. 1994. "Tough and Smart Juvenile Incarceration: Reintegrating Punishment, Deterrence and Rehabilitation," St. Louis University Public Law Review, vol. 14, no. 1. Altschuler, David M. and Troy L. Armstrong. 1991. "Intensive Aftercare for High-Risk Juvenile Parolee: Issues and Approaches in Reintegration and Community Supervision," with Troy L. Armstrong in Troy L. Armstrong (ed.), Intensive Interventions with High-Risk Youths: Promising Approaches in Juvenile Probation and Parole, Monsey, NY: Criminal Justice Press. Armstrong, Troy L. and David M. Altschuler. 1994. "Recent Developments in Programming for High-Risk Juvenile Parolees: Assessment Findings and Program Prototype Development," in Albert R. Roberts (ed.), Critical Issues in Crime and Justice, Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications, Inc. Howell, J.C. (ed.) 1995. Guide for Implementing the Comprehensive Strategy for Serious, Violent, and Chronic Juvenile Offenders. Washington, DC: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, U.S. Department of Justice. Wilson, J.J. and J.C. Howell. 1993. A Comprehensive Strategy for Serious, Violent and Chronic Juvenile Offenders. Washington, DC: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, U.S. Department of Justice. Documents listed with an NCJ number may be obtained by calling or writing: Juvenile Justice Clearinghouse PO Box 6000 Rockville, Maryland 20849-6000 800-638-8736 For information on any OJJDP-related program, contact: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Shay Bilchik, Administrator 633 Indiana Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20531