Title: Resources for Mother-Child Community Corrections Series: Resource Guide Author: Mary K. Shilton Published: September 2001 Subject: corrections -- general, female offenders, families of prisoners 235 pages 385024 bytes ---------------------------- The Adobe Acrobat graphic file is available from this Web site or a printed copy is available from BJA at 800-688-4252. ---------------------------- RESOURCES FOR MOTHER-CHILD COMMUNITY CORRECTIONS By: Mary K. Shilton The Mother-Child Community Corrections Project International Community Corrections Association P.O. Box 1987 La Crosse, WI 54602 This project was supported by cooperative agreement 2000-DD-VX-0015 awarded by the Bureau of Justice Assistance, Office of Justice Programs, and the U.S. Department of Justice. Points of view in this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent official positions or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. ---------------------------- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This Guide was developed with the assistance of The Mother-Child Community Corrections Project Team Judy Berman, Center for Effective Public Policy Karen Chapple, International Community Corrections Association Phyllis Modley, National Institute of Corrections Becki Ney, Center for Effective Public Policy Mary Shilton, International Community Corrections Association Richard A. Sutton, Bureau of Justice Assistance, U.S. Department of Justice PROJECT ADVISORY GROUP Karen Asphaug, First Judicial District, Hastings, MN Sandra Barnhill, Aid to Children of Imprisoned Mothers, Atlanta, GA Evvie Becker, Ph.D., Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, D.C Carl C. Bell, M.D., Community Mental Health Council, Chicago, IL Barbara Bloom Ph.D. CSU, Dept. of Criminal Justice, Petaluma, CA Barbara Broderick, Arizona Supreme Court Admin. Office of the Courts, Phoenix, AZ Patsy L. Buida, M.S.W., Children's Bureau, Washington, DC Sonia L. Burgos, Dept. of Housing and Urban Development, Washington, D.C Ellen Clark, Western Carolinians for Criminal Justice, Women at Risk program, Ashville, NC Stephanie S. Covington, Ph.D., Institute for Relational Development, La Jolla, CA Teresa Fabi, Kings County District Attorney's Office, Brooklyn, NY Mindy Feldbaum, U.S. Dept. of Labor, Washington, DC Katherine Gabel, Casey Family Foundation Program, Pasadena CA Joan B. Gillece, Ph.D., Maryland Dept. of Health & Mental Hygiene Admin., Baltimore, MD Aurie Hall, Open Society Institute, Baltimore, MD M. Kay Harris, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA Leo Hayden, National Center for Violence Interruption, Chicago, IL James A. Hemm, New Jersey Association on Correction, Trenton, NJ Talmira Hill, Annie E. Casey Foundation, Baltimore, MD Mary Hughes, Kings County District Attorney's Office, Brooklyn, NY Ann L. Jacobs, Women's Prison Association and Home, Inc. New York, NY Susan L. Jacobs, J.D. Legal Action Center, New York, NY John M. Jeffries, Ph.D. Vera Institute of Justice, New York, NY Nancy Kirshner-Rodriguez, Dept. Of Housing and Urban Development, Washington, DC James Lawrence, Oriana House, Inc. Akron, OH Dennis Lieberman, U.S. Department of Labor, Washington, DC Valerie Martin, Federal Bureau of Prisons, Department of Justice, Washington, DC Terrie McDermott, Dept. of Women's Justice Services, Cook County Sheriff's Office, Chicago, IL Sue Osthoff, National Clearinghouse for the Defense of Battered Women, Philadelphia, PA Michael Petit , Child Welfare League of America, Washington, DC Myrna Raeder, J.D., Southwestern University School of Law, Los Angeles, CA Cynthia Seymour, Child Welfare League of America, Washington, DC Ulonda B. Shamwell, Department of Heath and Human Services SAMHSA, Rockville, MD Brenda V. Smith, J.D. American University School of Law, Washington, DC Dolores Elizabeth Thornton, Taconic Correctional Facility, Bedford Hills, NY Melval Tuggle Owens, R.N., Ph.D. Department of Health and Human Services, Bel Air, MD S. Anne Walker, Alston Wilkes Society, Columbia, SC TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE Research and technical assistance were provided by Katheryn Flynn, Katherine Kosloske, and Katherine Shilton ---------------------------- TABLE OF CONTENTS I. About Mother-Child Programs II. About Resources III. Resources for Child and Parent Development IV. Gender, Cultural and Ethnic Diversity Resources V. Educational Resources VI. Employment and Career Development Resources VII. Health and Human Services References VIII. Housing Assistance IX. Justice and Legal System Sources X. Policy, Research and Evaluation XI. Foundation Resources ---------------------------- I. About Mother-Child Programs The Mother-Child Community Corrections Project has prepared this Resource Directory for program managers, agencies and individuals who are involved in planning, developing and implementing programs that serve mothers who have been under criminal-justice supervision--or diverted from the justice system-- and their children. These programs often are called mother-child community corrections programs, although local programs are known by many other names as well. They may be halfway houses, shelter plus aftercare, drug or mental health treatment facilities and women's health initiatives. Such programs are most often multi-disciplinary efforts that combine criminal justice supervision or diversion from prison with an array of services. These include health, education, and social services; substance abuse programs; job training and counseling; family- and child-support services; and other existing community resources. Such programs generally include a variety of government agencies as well as private non-profit, religious and community organizations. Why we assembled this directory This piece aims to serve nearly a million American women who are currently under criminal justice supervision, their young children, and the agencies that serve them. In 1998, the Bureau of Justice Statistics reported that there were more than 951,000 women under supervision. (Lawrence Greenfield and Tracy Snell, Women Offenders, Bureau of Justice Statistics, Washington, DC, December 1999, Revised 10/3/2000, NCJ 175688). Through research, interviews, and contact with programs and professionals in the field, the Mother Child Community Corrections Project team identified funding, technical assistance and training resources as top priorities. Those interviewed and providing information identified a need to know more about assistance available from non-criminal justice areas, such as child development, health care and legal sources. This directory gathers many sources of assistance in one place. What do we know about existing mother-child programs? Many different programs serve exclusively female offenders and their children. None are identical, although many contain common goals, components, and techniques. Several began as extensions of visitation or prison-nursery programs. Some developed in halfway houses or in alternative sentencing-diversion programs for women who would be confined for less than a year. Others grew out of probation or parole programs. More recently, programs that reach out to substance-abusing women have operated in conjunction with district attorney's offices, drug courts, community substance abuse treatment, mental health, and other social service providers. In other instances, churches and religious organizations developed services for these mothers and their children. MCCC programs are not without significant problems. There is a dearth of research about the effectiveness of such programs. Some efforts have been short-lived, and many have experienced disruptions in management and financial backing. A few exist hand-to-mouth, struggle to meet payrolls and live up to local and state standards. Still, the reported results are promising, and most home communities remain committed to the programs' success. This directory was developed for the following purposes: o To encourage those interested in mother-child programs to learn more about available resources and assistance; o To acquaint readers with the variety of resources available across the social service, health, education and criminal justice domains related to mother-child programs; o to familiarize users with various alternative strategies for using available resources to develop effective programs; o to help mother-child projects identify approaches in the various domains that are emerging as best practices and to gain access to assessment, evaluation, research and educational materials to help their programs become more effective. The Mother-Child Community Corrections Resource Directory identifies selected resources to help program planners access tools, materials and funding to improve their services. Some of these serve correctional managers and providers; some are geared to child-development experts and parents; still others operate in the area of health, drug treatment, employment, and business development. Some are advocacy groups; others are educational, research, governmental or civic organizations with targeted audiences. Scope of the problem There are a variety of correctional programs struggling to address public safety and the needs of women under criminal justice supervision and their young children who live in America's communities. In total, about one million females are under some kind of criminal justice supervision--but more than 85 percent are in the community, under local supervision and the remaining 15% were in prison or jails. (Greenfield and Snell) BJS estimated that 72% of women under supervision in the community have minor children. (Greenfield and Snell) According to BJS, there were nearly 1.49 million children of offenders in 1999. (Christopher Mumola, Incarcerated Parents and Their Children, Bureau of Justice Statistics, Washington D.C. August 2000, NCJ 182335). We know that 1.5 million children under age 18 are affected presently and this number does not include children of offenders who are diverted into drug treatment or other alternatives to probation or incarceration. More than 333,300 households with minor children had an imprisoned parent in 1999, (Mumola, 2000). If probation and parole numbers were included, this number would approach one million households. There were fewer households than parents affected by incarceration because many of those imprisoned did not live with their children prior to incarceration. The number of young women under 21 involved in the adult justice system is growing faster than any other segment of the population. The rate of juvenile female arrest was almost twice that of adult females. (Greenfield and Snell, 1999.) Many of these adolescent females have young children and face the loss of custody, visitation rights, and even parental rights. What are demographic characteristics of women in the criminal justice system? The Bureau of Justice Statistics estimates that at least 11 out of every 1,000 American women will spend time in prison at some point in their lives. (Thomas P. Bonczar and Allen J. Beck, Lifetime Likelihood of going to State or Federal Prison, Bureau of Justice Statistics, Washington, DC, (NCJ-160092). In fact, most of the recent growth in female prison populations can be traced to the increased confinement of Black and Hispanic women. An African-American female is three times more likely to receive a prison sentence than her Caucasian counterpart. (This is about the same likelihood of imprisonment as a white male.) Hispanic women have a 15 in 1,000 chance of imprisonment during their lives. (Greenfield and Snell) What has been documented about females who are arrested, incarcerated or on probation or parole? BJS reported the rate of convicted females grew by 2.5 times between 1990 and 1996. (Greenfield and Snell) Half of the increase in female offenders in recent years has been due to drug offenses. One fifth of the rise is due to violent crimes. However, 75 percent of violent offences committed by women were crimes of simple assault--most frequently their victims were a relative or intimate. Half of all women interviewed admitted to being under the influence of drugs or alcohol when they committed their crime. Half of women in prison have family members with a history of confinement. One sixth of all incarcerated women were placed in foster homes or youth residential facilities when they were young. Many were homeless within the year prior to their arrests. What statistics raise concern about female offenders and their children? By the year 2000, more than 1.5 million children had mothers confined in prison or jail, according to the Bureau of Justice Statistics. (Greenfield and Snell) The number of women under correctional supervision continues to grow faster than at any other time in the nation's history. During the 1990's the number of women in prison who were parents of minors more than doubled. (Kathleen Maguire and Ann Pastore, Sourcebook of Criminal Justice Statistics Online, http//www.Albany.edu/sourcebook/1995/pdf/t60005.pdf). There are now over 126,000 children of women state and federal prisoners, and it is estimated that nearly as many children have a mother in a local jail. For most of these children, the mother was the primary caretaker. (Sourcebook of Criminal Justice Statistics). The research indicates that disruption of the mother-child bond can adversely affect the child and also impair the mother's chances for rehabilitation. ) Jacy Showers "Assessing and Remedying Parenting Knowledge among Women Inmates." Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 20 1993 pp 35-46; A. Lowenstein "Temporary Single Parenthood: The Case of Prisoner's Families" Family Relations 36, pp79-85 (1986). What type of criminal justice interventions frequently impact children? In 1998, over 3 million women were involved in an arrest. (Greenfield and Snell, supra). Arrested women are more likely than men to have minor dependents. At least one in every five children witnesses a parent's arrest. Johnston, Denise, "The Care and Placement of Prisoners' Children," in K. Gabel and D. Johnston, Eds. Children of Incarcerated Parents, New York, Lexington Books, 1995 (pp 103-123). Applied to recent statistics, it is estimated that more than 600,000 children witness a mother's arrest each year. Arrest of a parent may only be the beginning of a series of interventions impacting children. Trauma research indicates that children face emotional challenges and feelings of guilt when their mothers become involved in the criminal justice system. (See Johnston, Denise, "Report No. 6 Children of Offenders." The Center for Children of Incarcerated Parents, Pasadena, Ca. 1992) The impact on the child is more devastating if the arrest causes the child to lose a primary caregiver, change housing or schools, or experience other environmental disruptions. (Johnston, Denise, "Child Custody Issues of Women Prisoners: A Preliminary Report form the CHICAS Project." The Prison Journal 75:222-39 1995). This type of situation occurs with offenders of both genders, but is more often experienced by the children of female offenders. For men involved in the justice system, their wives or partners are most likely to become custodial parents during their period of supervision. For women involved in the justice system, they often give custody to their parents or extended family members. If facing long periods of incarceration, children often change caregivers during their mother's sentence. (Mumola, 1999). What are the risks to children whose parents are under correctional supervision? Direct physical and emotional harm can occur when a parent is incarcerated and a child loses support and benefits that would otherwise have been available. Barbara Bloom and David Steinhart Why Punish the Children?: A Reappraisal of the Children of Incarcerated Mothers in America. Washington D.C. National Council on Crime and Delinquency, 1993, and Denise Johnston. "The Effects of Parental Incarceration" in Children of Incarcerated Parents, Katherine Gabel and Denise Johnston, eds. Pp 59-88, New York: Lexington Books. 1995.Children of incarcerated parents are more likely to experience behavioral or learning problems in school (A. Lowenstein, Temporary Single Parenthood: The Case of Prisoners Families, Family Relations 1986, 36,79-85; Ann Stanton When Mothers Go To Jail. 1980. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books; "Cycles of Pain: Risk Factors in the Lives of Incarcerated Mothers and Their Children, The Prison Journal, Philadelphia, March 2000 Susan Green, Craig Haney, Aida Hurtado. This is often related to the lack of stable and permanent child placement, disruption of family ties and visitation, inadequate nutrition, lack of access to health care, and chronic poverty. Researchers report that children of offenders often experience or witness trauma or violence at home in a way similar to that of their mothers. Over 70% of offender mothers report their children have witnessed violence at home, and over half reported that their children had witnessed excessive drunkenness or use of drugs in their home. (Green, Haney and Hurtado). The institutions that serve children are not fully prepared to address the mother's involvement in the justice system and its impact on her children. For example, most foster care agencies do not have protocols ensuring children of incarcerated parents the ability to maintain contact with their parent through phone calls or visits. (Lois Wright and Cynthia Seymour, Working with Children and Families Separated by Incarceration, Child Welfare League of America Press, Washington, DC 2000.) How can professionals and others help children of parents who are involved in the justice system? Caregivers, families and probation/parole officers can improve parent-child bonds whenever possible. Schools, social services, and health-care professionals team up to protect such children. Mother-Child services bring together many disciplines to help improve the lives of children whose parents are under supervision. These programs aim to assure that the children of offenders will not fall through the cracks in the justice system, and that difficult issues of child custody, health and welfare will be attended to by both family and professionals. Law enforcement officers and other criminal justice professionals need access to training and assistance to handle the arrest of parents and reduce the trauma to their children. Child welfare workers and correctional professionals cross-train with staff to specialize in cases where the criminal justice system is involved. (See Wright and Seymour) About the Guide This Directory was prepared by the Mother-Child Community Corrections Project to guide those who are seeking technical assistance in finding additional resources to support their projects. The Mother-Child Community Corrections Project (MCCCP) operates an information and technical assistance resource center under the sponsorship of the Office of Justice Programs (OJP), United States Department of Justice. The project is funded through July 15, 2001, through two cooperative agreement awards to the Center for Effective Public Policy (CEPP), and the International Community Corrections Association, for a coordinated effort. This project was assisted by the National Institute of Corrections Community Corrections Branch and the National Institute of Corrections Information Center. The National Criminal Justice Reference Service has also aided this project's work. Background about the MCCC Project The project grew out of needs expressed by participants at a Conference, sponsored by the International Community Corrections Association in Arlington VA, in 1998, (see Assessment to Assistance: Programs for Women in Community Corrections, McMahon, Maeve, Ed, American Correctional Association, Lanham MD. ISBN 1-56991-124-X. 2000) and the Office of Justice Programs Symposium on Women Offenders, December, 1999 (See Office of Justice Programs Conference Proceedings National Symposium on Women Offenders, Washington D.C. December 13-15, 1999, U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, 2000. The leadership of a number of other national associations has recognized the need for these programs. They include the American Bar Association, the American Correctional Association, and the National Association of Women Judges. Many organizations have focused on comprehensive programs known as "wraparound programs" for female offenders and their children. The programs serve a range of needs and involve multi-disciplinary teams. The teams include health and mental health, social work, education, criminal justice, legal, child welfare, housing and other agencies to provide a range of appropriate services. They have identified a need for agencies to assist in developing strategies that work. Planning for programs and securing resources is a first-step toward developing comprehensive mother-child programs. About our mission The Mother-Child Project's goal is to improve public safety by supporting the development of criminal justice responses to female offenders that take into account and provide support for their roles as mothers and primary caretakers of children and to support further the healthy development of their children. By supporting families and individual family members in their ability to be both healthy and stable, these responses will work to prevent future criminal justice involvement of both parent and child. The Project is designed to meet the following needs of mother-child programs: o to collect documentation of current knowledge of mother-child community corrections programs; o to provide for practitioners who are starting or improving their efforts a centralized source of information on programs serving female offenders with children; o to identify a source of information about the many different issues surrounding these programs for policymakers and other non criminal justice professionals; o to make available training and technical assistance on the design and delivery of services to women offenders with children. About the National Resource Group The National Resource Group (NRG) is a thirty-five person advisory group comprising experts in the fields of research, criminal justice, child development, law, community development, and several federal agencies. The NRG met in June 2000, and reached consensus on four broad priorities given the Project funds available. The priorities identified are: o information gathering and dissemination; o networking and outreach; o technical assistance; and o public education. The MCCC project has applied the recommendations of the National Resource Group through tasks and services listed below. ---------------------------- o MCCC web page http://www.nicic.org/services/special/women/mcccp/default.htm The web page was designed to house the technical assistance and resource documents already collected by the Project, and others to be developed in the future. The website provides links to other existing resources, including a database currently in development at the Center. o MCCC technical assistance The Center provides limited technical assistance to developing programs through meetings, site visits, and resource sharing. The Center has identified new and planned programs and has provided technical assistance and opportunities to link with peers in other programs. o MCCC resource documents for the field We continue to develop resource documents that provide basic "how-to" information for those persons considering a mother-child program. This Resource Directory is among the documentation provided. Also included are: a program inventory, case studies of selected programs, lists of key contacts and technical assistance providers, and emerging best practice information. o MCCC examples of public education materials Another area has been to develop public education materials to include points of information, discussion items, editorials and fact sheets. They can be used to assist programs in informing local media and policymakers about mother-child programs. ---------------------------- How to read this guide This guide is an introduction to the many types of funding streams, research, technical assistance, information networks, peer groups, advocates and other support for mother-child projects. It is offered to acquaint the reader with possibilities for enhancing their programs and to access colleagues in the field. It does not offer an exhaustive list of resources, and readers should be aware that the sources may change addresses and that websites may disappear and change. New opportunities, when they are identified, will be added. How is this guide organized? This guide is organized topically. It includes parts covering both public and private groups within each of the identified domains of mother-child programming. They include references to: 1) Learning About General Resources; 2) Child and Parent Development; 3) Gender, Cultural, and Ethnic Resources; 4) Education; 5) Employment; 6) Health and Human Services; 7) Housing; 8) The Justice System; 9) Policy, Research and Evaluation; and 10) Foundation Funding. For sub-topics, the names of contacts are organized alphabetically. As new topics are developed other references will be added. As this field grows, the resources also will grow. What criteria have been used to include resources? The resources and contacts in this piece were selected based on relevance to programs serving both female offenders and their children. The funding resources may provide assistance to existing programs. Some recently published solicitations that could be addressed by mother-child applicants. Others are considering how to address this field, but have not published funding solicitations. The technical assistance resources have information or training expertise in one or more of the nine topical areas of the guide's chapters. The Research resources fund or publish program evaluations related to the field. Research resources may also provide technical assistance in program assessment, and evaluation design. Because of the need to cover each subject, the chapters list resources that overlap and may be somewhat repetitive. For example, the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs may have assistance or funding related to several topical areas. Although there are very few funding resources exclusively serving female offenders and their children, those selected for this guide offer potential for developing wrap-around services. Resources were also selected if they were the primary source of funding or expertise in a given area, even though they may have limited programs at this time. For example, the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development provides assistance for homeless families and persons with disabilities and it does not specifically target female offenders and their children for resources. When approaching potential grantors or providers of technical assistance, program planners should be aware that they must be persistent and creative because there are very few earmarked funding streams. They may have to overcome stigmatization issues, eligibility exclusion issues and persuade agencies of the importance of their work. Where can planners look for additional information? The Resource guide is intended to be used with a companion piece entitled: Building Mother-Child Community Corrections Programs, by Mary K. Shilton that provides an overview of how to get programs started and funded. Resources for Mother-Child Community Corrections covers national and regional resources available to build and strengthen mother-child services. The most accessible and available resources are through local, regional and state sources. Private local foundations are often more interested in projects in their own localities. Local governments may have human services and educational resources available for program support and states may be very helpful in identifying their resources for building programs. The information compiled in this guide has been extracted from various websites, agencies and organizations. It is meant to start practitioners on the journey toward improved programs for female offenders and their children. The journey ahead for each program is filled with obstacles and rewards. It is therefore important for the traveler on this path to keep track of progress and a keen eye on the road ahead. With persistence and creativity, programs will grow and fulfill their promise of improving public safety while enhancing the development of children and helping mothers reintegrate into their communities. ---------------------------- II. About Resources Governmental and private-sector resources provide a range of opportunities for mother-child programs, although few programs are funded in a systematic or categorical way. In addition to grants and funding, program developers can acquire surplus property, locate technical and business-development assistance and training, network with others in the field and gain access to research and evaluation tools. Where does the reader start in finding resources? Any search for resources is driven by what is needed in a particular program. An interdisciplinary task force or interagency working group is helpful to identify existing program resources and to conduct a needs assessment for new ones. This often results in a search for a site to provide a safe and secure living environment. Perhaps substance abuse treatment is unavailable and they need funding to start a treatment program, then the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Administration at the Department of Health and Human Services is an important agency to contact. If criminal justice agency training and assistance is needed, the Office of Justice Programs and the Department of Justice would be a likely contact. This book is written by topic, so that several persons working as a team can explore resources in each of several areas, and they can report their findings back to an interdisciplinary working group. What is most important in looking for resources? Initially, planning, coordination and technical assistance are important for getting new programs started--but then it is important to move ahead to implementation. Most program developers value flexibility and lack of red tape in getting resources. The prospect of long term funding and planned program stability is identified as a priority for most agencies. Most start-up grants from federal sources and private foundations do not offer funding beyond three years. From the beginning, there must be a plan to collect data and information and work with state and local agencies toward long term funding. Long term funding is attainable when programs are integrated with community agencies. So partnering with potential long-term funders (state and local agencies with appropriated funding in this area) is a priority for most programs. About the Key Federal Agencies Where can one find funding resources for mother-child programs? There are very few federal programs with funding earmarked for children of offenders or female offenders in the community. Most existing programs have received some assistance through governmental resources at the state and local level such as community corrections acts or substance abuse and mental health block grants. Such governmental resources are publicly supported activities offered through grants or cooperative agreements by localities (cities, municipalities and counties) and states. Which agencies are most critical to the work of mother-child programs? Some agencies such as the U.S. Department of Justice have taken an interest in this field and others are newly assessing how they can assist female offenders in the community. Some may be poised for action and others need to be persuaded that they can contribute to program success. The following are examples of recent developments in this field that program planners should find helpful. o The Department of Justice has taken an interest in the mother-child field by supporting the effort of this Mother-Child Community Corrections Project, and through other efforts at the National Institute of Justice, National Institute of Corrections, and the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. o Most of the federal support for child development, health and social services is available through the Department of Health and Human Services and its many branches that fund discretionary, block and categorical programs, research and technical assistance. o Assistance for employment and welfare-to-work programs is available through the Department of Labor, particularly the Employment and Training Administration. o The Department of Agriculture, through its Extension Service, offers a variety of informational programs on nutrition, child development and parent education as well as subsidies and grants in these areas. o The Department of Education has a wide array of assistance programs for schools and at-risk youth as well as education assistance for Pell Grants and education for mothers. These may be tapped through existing community providers or special programs for young children and their mothers. o The Department of Housing and Urban Development has programs that fund transitional housing, housing for homeless, and housing-plus care for special populations. Basic research and contact information for each of these agencies is in the accompanying table. The letters "TA" indicate technical assistance and "Re" indicate the availability of research or ongoing research.. A dollar sign ($) indicates potential funding for program, education, housing, or employment activities. These categories can change each year, so inquiry should be made through a website search and by calling agency contacts with questions. Most agency websites include e-mail contact addresses for quick responses on an inquiry. ---------------------------- U.S. Department of Agriculture--$, TA The department's Cooperative Extension Service program, CYFERNET, focuses on meeting the physical, emotional, social, and intellectual needs of children and families. Funds nutrition and Women in Community Service programs. http://www.usda.gov/news/howto/howto.html U.S. Department of Education--$, TA The department has an information branch known as OERI. Users can access an electronic bulletin board by calling 800-222-4922. Funds special education, youthful offenders, early childhood, and Pell Grants. U.S. Department of Education 400 Maryland Avenue, SW Washington, D.C. 20202 800-USA-LEARN http:// www.ed.gov/offices/OERI/ E-mail: customerservice@inet.ed.gov.www.ed.gov U.S. Department of Justice--$, TA The department's Office of Justice Programs has several branches that provide grants, technical assistance and information. They are the: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, Bureau of Justice Assistance, Bureau of Justice Statistics, National Institute of Corrections, Corrections Program Office, Drug Court Office, Office of Victims of Crimes, and Violence Against Women Office. Office of Justice Programs 810 Seventh Street, NW Washington, DC 20531 202-307-5911 202-307-2093 (Fax) 800-851-3420 (information) http:// www.usdoj.org E-mail: askjj@ojjdp.usdoj.ncjrs.gov E-mail questions to: askncjrs@aspensys.com U. S. Department of Health and Human Services--$, TA The department awards a variety of grants for programs to assist children and mothers. This site is helpful for developing information about different health and human services agencies that include: solicitations and block grants, research, and evaluation grants in the areas of Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services, Head Start, Children's Bureau. U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services Hubert H. Humphrey Building 200 Independence Avenue SW Washington, DC 20201 202-690-7858 http://www.hhs.gov National Institute of Corrections--$, TA The institute operates a technical assistance program. There are experts in jails, prisons, community corrections, gender specific programming and special projects. NIC provides limited technical assistance to improve offender programming and job placement. Funds special projects concerning children of offenders. National Institute of Corrections Information Center 1860 Industrial Circle Longmont, Colorado 80501 800-877-1461 More information: NIC Community Corrections Division, 800-995-6423. http://www.nicic.org U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development--$ The department provides funding for homeless families and persons with disabilities. It also provides access to economic development, housing for ex- offenders and rural housing. HUD operates through field offices listed on its web site. U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development Office of Policy Development and Research 451 7th Street SW Room 8100 Washington, DC 20410 202-708-1600 http://www.hud.gov U.S. Department of Labor-$ The department has a number of specific programs that serve female offenders in the community, such as welfare-to-work and the One Stop program. Funds agencies that help with employment, training, and moving from Welfare to Work. Department of Labor Frances Perkins Building 200 Constitution Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20210 http://www.dol.gov ---------------------------- About State and Local Resources State and local governments provide an array of resources including financial assistance, help with technical assistance and public education information. Through internet sites with links to state and local justice information, program planners can access the various possibilities for program assistance. A few of the helpful sources related to state and local interests include the following contacts. Funding for mother-child programs can come through community corrections act funding at the state level as it does in Indiana and Minnesota. In North Carolina the state Human Services appropriation contains a line item for mother-child funding to local programs. In California, program funding has been available through a diversion program authorized by the state legislature. State or regional contacts for community corrections funding or website references for other agencies are listed in the topical sections. ---------------------------- Council of State Governments provides information, research and analysis of state laws, trends and criminal justice system developments. Council of State Governments 2760 Research Park Drive Lexington, KY 40578-1910 606-244-8203 http://www.csg.org E-mail: appa@csg.org Innovation Groups aims to help those working in local governments network with each other for the mutual benefit of their regions. The Innovation Groups P.O. Box 16645 Tampa, FL 33687 813-622-8484 813-644-0051 http://www.ig.org E-mail: ig.org@mindspring.com National Association of Counties provides information to county elected officials in human services, youth and justice areas. National Association of Counties 440 First Street NW, Eighth Floor Washington, DC 20001 202-393-6226 202-393-2630 (fax) http://www.naco.org National Conference of State Legislatures provides studies, technical assistance and publications concerning sentencing, offenders and correctional issues. National Conference of State Legislatures 444 North Capitol Street, NW, Suite 500 Washington, DC 20001 202-624-5400 202-737-1069 (fax) http://www.ncsl.org National Criminal Justice Association provides legislative updates, analysis and research for state and local policy makers in the area of criminal justice planning and program development. National Criminal Justice Association 444 North Capitol Street, NW, Suite 608 Washington, DC 20001 202-624-1440 202-508-3859 (fax) http://www.sso.org/ncj The National Governor's Association provides information and assistance to state leaders in the criminal justice and human services fields. National Governor's Association 444 North Capitol Street, NW, Suite 608 Washington, DC 2001 202-624-5360 http://www.nga.org Piper Resources gives links to state and local government web sites as well as links to national organizations concerned with local issues. Piper Resources http://www.piperinfo.com/state/index.cfm State and Local Government on the Web (U. Of Michigan Documents Center) contains links to many online and print resources related to state and local governments. State and Local Government on the Web http://www.lib.umich.edu/libhome/Documents.center/state.html ---------------------------- About Public and Private Resources Federal government efforts in these areas increasingly have involved universities, non-profit associations and other technical assistance providers in developing networks and consortia. Consequently, the line between public and private resources has blurred somewhat and many of the programs described herein are a blend of the two spheres. Additionally, many of the programs are block grants that go to states and localities through formulas or by other criteria. They generally are administered at the state and local levels through designated contacts. Such grants usually require matching funds. Most grant program web sites post phone numbers for obtaining a list of state contacts with respect to a particular program. About Publications What publications are available? There are a variety of print and online documents that provide information about governmental funding. The following are among those that are most readily available. o Directory of Government Documents Collections and Librarians American Library Association Bethesda, MD http://www.ala.org o Federal Grants and Contracts Weekly Capitol Publications 1101 King Street, Suite 444 Alexandria, VA 22314 800-655-5597 http://www.grantscape.com o Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance General Services Administration 800-669-8331 http://www.hud.gov/cfda/cfda.html o The Government Printing Office disseminates most information through the Superintendent of documents. It includes a website known as GPO Access that includes the Federal Register and the Congressional Record as well as federal agency web links and a bulletin board. The website is http://www.access.gpo.gov/su_docs/ For more information you can call the Federal Register at 202-512-1800. o Government Information Locator Service (GILS) is a web site that provides information about government agency data and files that are not on centralized sources. The GILS system provides a more in-depth research tool for federal information than do individual agency sites. http://www.access.gpo.gov/su_docs/gils/gils.html o Government Assistance Almanac J. Robert Dumouchel Omnigraphics, Inc Detroit, MI ISBN:0780803531 o Guide to Federal Funding for Governments and Nonprofits Charles J. Edwards and James V. Shuster, Eds. Government Information Services 4301 North Fairfax Dr., Suite 875 Arlington, VA 22203-1627 800-876-0226 http://www.grantsandfunding.com o National Technical Information Service (NTIS) is a repository of government funded documents and research. http://www.fedworld.gov o Using Government Information Sources: Print and Electronic, 2nd Edition, 1994 Jean L. Sears and Marilyn K. Moody Oryx Press, Phoenix, AZ http://www.oryxpress.com About General Internet Search Engines Throughout this monograph there are hundreds of websites with specific and general information on participants and program staff involved in Mother-Child Community Corrections. As a point of departure, here are a number of commercial search websites that can provide specific searches. o Google Search http://www.google.com o Yahoo! http://www.yahoo.com o Lycos http://www.lycos.com o Netscape http://www.netscape.com o AltaVista http://www.altavista.com o DogPile http://www.dogpile.com ---------------------------- III. Resources for Child and Parent Development This chapter is an introduction to public, educational and private resources related to child development and parenting. Such resources include: 1. statistical information, useful in writing grants, proposals and analyzing problems; 2. technical assistance networks and training providers; 3. funding information concerning grants and other support; 4. information exchanges and networks; 5. advocacy; and 6. services, experts, curricula and training available. Because most mother-child programs start with services to the mother and expand them to their children, accessing children's resources can be more elusive for new programs than getting assistance for adult community correctional services for the parent. Grant and proposal guidelines require writers to show an understanding of the problems affecting offender mothers and their children such as the following questions. Why focus on both the child and the mother? Research indicates that parental involvement as an advocate in the child's upbringing, education and development, is one of the strongest predictors of resiliency of the child. It has long been recognized that children benefit from having a healthy and continued relationship with their mother whether or not the mother is the custodial parent. Under the Adoption and Safe Families Act of 1997 (ASFA) P.L.105-89 safety, reunification with the parent, and permanency of child custody are primary goals. ASFA accelerates time frames for reunifying an offender mother with her children at the same time that the parent may have been separated from her child due to incarceration. (see Philip Genty, " Permanency Planning in the Context of Parental Incarceration: Legal Issues and Recommendations," Child Welfare, September/October 1998, 543- 559; and Ann Metcalf Craig "Meeting the Needs of Children of Incarcerated Parents," Child Law Practice, August, 1998, American Bar Association's Center on Children and the Law.) Research indicates that women under criminal justice supervision have the same concerns, desires and affection for their children as others. The challenge is that by virtue of breaking the law, they have potentially interrupted their ability to parent, retain custody and intervene as the primary figure in the upbringing of their children. Obviously, such difficulties make it harder to maintain family bonds and the children suffer trauma as a consequence. Avoiding child trauma is an important issue to consider in designing programs. Grants should address the fact that the level of parenting skills of offender mothers may vary considerably. Many of them may have come from unstable family environments, lived in group or foster homes and experienced a tumultuous upbringing. Improved parenting and cognitive skills provide the basis for single female parents to seek help. What can MCCC programs do to resolve difficult child and parent issues? Every aspect of the mother-child relationship should be considered when planning for mother-child programs. They range from pregnancy and post- partum arrangements to planning for visits and permanent placements for children who are not living with their mothers. It is important to create a safe and nurturing environment for families. Staff recruitment and training should consider parent skills, socialization skills, child development, nutrition, health and mental hygiene. Decisions on child care, parent supervision of their children, and staff involvement will be critical to program success. In the area of child development there are a number of support networks for both parents and professionals. These networks focus on specific techniques and skills, information sharing, advocacy, public policy and parent/professional support. Additionally there are groups that provide research, professional development, testing, planning and child services support in the development areas. Some of these are listed in the tables below. General Government and Educational Resources The United States Government has several agencies that provide assistance concerning child development issues. They include the U.S. Department of Justice, Department of Education, Department of Agriculture, Department of Health and Human Services, and Housing and Urban Development. The Department of Justice offers a clearinghouse, library, statistics and grants related to prevention of juvenile delinquency through the Office of Justice Programs. Where can you get started at the Department of Education? The Department of Education's website provides research, funding, and publications with a focus on students, learning and education. A directory lists resources and services by topic. The research section has topics on at-risk students, children at risk, character education, civil rights, as well as guides for parents and consumers. The Student Financial Assistance section is helpful to mothers who need financial help. Under the Safe and Drug Free Schools Program, grants are awarded to schools and other programs that serve preschoolers and school age children. ---------------------------- The Department of Education--$, TA has an information and Consumers Branch known as OERI. An electronic bulletin board operates by calling 800- 222-4922. This web site lists funding opportunities posted in the Commerce Business Daily and Federal Register. Funding for MCCC programs relates to the link to the Student Financial Assistance web site. It also provides for early childhood grants and funding. U.S. Department of Education 400 Maryland Avenue, S.W. Washington, D.C. 20202 800-USA-Learn Email: customerservice@inet.ed.gov.www.ed.gov/ National Library of Education 555 New Jersey Avenue NW Washington, D.C.20208-5721 800-424-1616 Questions can be e-mailed to Library@inet.ed.gov http://www.ed.gov/offices/OERI/. How does the Department of Agriculture provide assistance? The U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperative Extension Service program, CYFERNET, focuses on meeting the physical, emotional, social and intellectual needs of children and families. For program planners who are in need of help with fatherhood issues, the CYFERNET hosts the site FatherNet. Community based programs can use this website to help find funding, experts, and instruments for program evaluation. It also lists thousands of community-based programs serving at-risk persons. ---------------------------- Mother-child programs can tap resources in their own states through the United States Department of Agriculture--$, TA. A good place to start is to check out how to get information from the USDA. http://www.usda.gov/news/howto/howto.htm The Extension Service--$ provides newsletters, training, publication on childcare, education and a wide variety of skills related to child health and nutrition. Grants for multicultural education, nutrition, rural, agricultural, and other programs are posted on this web site. Cooperative State Research Education and Extension Service U.S. Department of Agriculture Washington, DC 20250-0900 202-720-3029 202-690-0289 (fax) http://www.reeusda.gov/ The CYFERNET web page--TA helps parents meet their children's needs and seeks to help communities across the nation. This web page includes listings of Land Grant Universities that provide research, technical assistance and events of interest to children, their caregivers and professionals. CYFERNET 612-626-1111 http://www.cyfernet.org/ E-mail:cyftalk@extension.umn.edu The USDA--$ provides funding for child nutrition programs that some program planners have used. U.S. Department of Agriculture Food and Nutrition Services Child Nutrition Division 3101 Park Center Drive Room 1006 Alexandria, VA 22302 703-305-2590 202-307-2093 (fax) http://www.fns.usda.gov ---------------------------- What types of assistance for youth is available from the Justice Department? The U.S. Department of Justice Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention has a number of funding program options in the area of delinquency prevention and youth at risk. Additionally, the National Institute of Corrections has a Children of Offenders program described in Chapter II. More Justice Programs are also described in Chapter IX. ---------------------------- The OJJDP--$, TA offers challenge grants for states that receive formula grants, drug-free community support grants, juvenile mentoring program grants, and the Juvenile Accountability Incentive Block Grants Program. Technical assistance, training, internships and other assistance are available through the OJJDP. U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention 810 Seventh Street, NW Washington, DC 20531 202-307-5911 Fax: 202-307-2093 http://www.ojjdp.usdoj.org Email: askjj@ojjdp.usdoj.ncjrs.gov The National Criminal Justice Reference Service--TA, Re will help research and find information pertaining to adult and juvenile justice. You may call with questions or email them. A clearinghouse of criminal justice statistics is available through the BJS Clearinghouse at the NCJRS. Call 800-732-3277 for information E-mail questions to askncjrs@aspensys.com ---------------------------- What is available for families through Housing and Urban Development (HUD)? Although HUD does not directly fund programs for mothers and children, there are a number of public housing initiatives funded by HUD that deal with homeless and other transitional families. Most funding will come through your regional housing authority or other housing/social services providers. ---------------------------- The U.S Department of Housing and Urban Development--$ provides assistance to states and localities and private agencies by developing programs for the homeless and families in need. Program planners must work with their local field offices and housing authorities to get shelter plus care, long term housing, or homeless assistance. Field offices are listed on the website. U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development 451 7th Street, SW Washington DC 20410 202-708-1112 1-800-245-2691 http://www.hud.gov ---------------------------- What are the Child and Parent contacts within the Department of Health and Human Services? The Department of Health and Human Services offers grants, research and technical assistance, enforces laws, provides subsidies and direct services for under-served populations. The array of funding for healthy start, head start, funding for maternal and child projects, youth at risk, children of substance abusers, and other groups listed in the Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance is on the website. ---------------------------- The Department of Health and Human Services--$, TA, Re provides a variety of grants for children's programs. Grants through the branches of HHS are described in the Human Services part of this piece. This site is helpful for developing fact sheets and information about different health and human services agencies. U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services Hubert H. Humphrey Building 200 Independence Avenue SW Washington, DC 20201 202-690-7858 http://www.hhs.gov U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services--Assistant Secretary of Planning and Evaluation--TA, Re is the principle advisor to the Secretary of HHS on public policy planning and research analysis. Has an ongoing project reviewing issues related to families of offenders. Assistant Secretary of Planning and Evaluation Hubert H. Humphrey Building 200 Independence Avenue SW Washington, DC 20201 202-690-7858 http://aspe.os.dhhs.gov The Administration for Children and Families, DHHS can be accessed on the web at http://www.acf.dhhs.gov/ Statistical information pertaining to mother-child health can be found at the National Center for Health Statistics. The Administration for Children and Families Mary Switzer Building 330 C. Street SW Washington, DC 20201 202-205-8347 http://www.acf.dhhs.gov/programs/acyf E-mail: nchsquery@cdc.gov Child Care Bureau, Administration on Children, Youth, and Families, DHHS-- $ is responsible for federal funding for child care to assist low-income families. Child Care Bureau Mary Switzer Building 330 C. Street SW Washington, DC 20201 202-690-6782 http://www.acf.dhhs.gov/programs/ccb The Children's Bureau, Department of Health and Human Services--$ of the Administration for Children and Families focuses on issues of family preservation, support, foster care, adoption and independent living. Funds state grants and competitive discretionary grants, as posted on web site and in Federal Register. The Children's Bureau Administration for Children and Families 370 L'Enfant Promenade Washington, DC 20447 http://www.acf.dhhs.gov/programs/cb/ Family and Youth Services Bureau, Administration for Children, Youth, and Families, DHHS--$, TA, Re for services for youth at risk. Family and Youth Services Bureau Mary E. Switzer Building 330 C Street SW Washington, DC 20201 202-205-8085 http://www.acf.dhhs.gov/programs/fysb The Head Start Bureau of the Department of Health and Human Services--$, TA has provided assistance with Early Head Start programs and other services to several mother-child programs. Go to "Funding Opportunities" on the web site for discretionary grants. Head Start Bureau Mary E. Switzer Building 330 C Street SW Washington, DC 20201 202-205-8572 http://www.acf.dhhs.gov/programs/hsb Administration for Developmental Disabilities, DHHS--$, TA, Re gives grants to projects helping persons with disabilities and develops standards and provides technical assistance. Administration for Developmental Disabilities Hubert H. Humphrey Building 200 Independence Ave, SW Washington, DC 20201 202-690-6590 http://www.acf.dhhs.gov/programs/add Child Support Enforcement Office coordinates child support enforcement in the States by locating absent parents and establishing paternity. 370 L'Enfant Promenade SW Washington, DC 20447 202-401-9373 http://www.acf.dhhs.gov/programs/cse Family Assistance Office subsidizes children whose parents are absent from the home, unemployed in some states, disabled, or deceased. It also administers the Job Opportunities and Basic Skills Training Program. 370 L'Enfant Promenade SW Washington, DC 20447 202-401-9275 http://www.acf.dhhs.gov/programs/ofa Maternal and Child Health Bureau , Health Resources and Services Administration--$, RE, TA provides resources to improve the health of mothers and children through a variety of programs including perinatal, child, adolescent, special needs children and research. Maternal and Child Health Bureau Parklawn Building 5600 Fishers Lane Rockville, MD 20857 301-443-2194 http://www.mchb.hrsa.gov ---------------------------- Department of Health and Human Services Regional Directors The mother-child program planners who are seeking funding from DHHS should contact their regional directors for information about funding availability in their location. The DHHS coordinates its policies through the intergovernmental regional offices listed below. Regional offices may be able to point out specific initiatives where funding may be available in a region. Region I Judith Kurland John F. Kennedy Federal Building Government Center - Room 2100 Boston, MA 02203 Office: (617) 565-1500 Fax: (617) 565-1491 Areas: CT, ME, MA, NH, RI, VT Region II Alison E. Greene Jacob K. Javits Federal Building 26 Federal Plaza - Room 3835 New York, NY 10278 Office: (212) 264-4600 Fax: (212) 264-3620 Areas: NJ, NY, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands Region III Kevin Vaughan The Public Ledger Building 150 South Independence Mall West - Suite 436 Philadelphia, PA 19106-3499 Office: (215) 861-4633 Fax: (215) 861-4625 Areas: DE, DC, MD, PA, VA, WV Region IV Ann Rosewater Atlanta Federal Center 61 Forsyth Street, Room 5B95 Atlanta, GA 30303-8909 Office: (404) 562-7888 Fax: (404) 562-7899 Areas: AL, FL, GA, KY, MS, NC, SC, TN Region V Suzanne Krohn (Acting) 233 North Michigan Avenue, Suite 1300 Chicago, IL 60601 Office: (312) 353-5160/5132 Fax: (312) 353-4144 Areas: IL, IN, MI, MN, OH, WI Region VI Christine Hernandez 1301 Young Street, Suite 1124 Dallas, TX 75202 Office: (214) 767-3301 Fax: (214) 767-3617 Areas: AR, LA, NM, OK, TX Region VII Kathleen Steele 601 East 12th Street, Room 210 Kansas City, MO 64106 Office: (816) 426-2821 Fax: (816) 426-2178 Areas: IA, KS, MO, NE Region VIII Paul Denham (Acting) 1961 Stout Street, Room 1076 Denver, CO 80294 Office: (303) 844-3372 Fax: (303) 844-4545 Areas: CO, MT, ND, SD, UT, WY Region IX Catherine Dodd Federal Office Building, Room 431 50 United Nations Plaza San Francisco, CA 94102 Office: (415) 437-8500 Fax: (415) 437-8505 Areas: AZ, CA, HI, NV, Guam, Pacific Islands, American Samoa Region X Richard C. Kelley, Ph.D. 2201 6th Avenue, Room 911F Mail Stop - RX-0 Seattle, WA 98121 Office: (206) 615-2010 Fax: (206) 615-2087 Areas: AK, ID, OR, WA State Departments of Education Mother-child programs often lack the resources for early childhood development and must reach out to existing programs in their communities for assistance. A few MCCC programs have developed their own preschool or day care. The following agencies provide information about early childhood development resources in their states. Among them are funding information concerning Head Start Programs, Public Preschools, and Project Even Start, and a new literacy program for families in poverty. Many of the sites have information about child nutrition programs, parent resources and educational assistance. In addition, the websites provide information about educational research, student demographics, testing, literacy, teachers, schools and state budgets. Program developers can find sources of information about accessing preschool, head start and other similar programs for young children. Many state Departments of Education are also important sources of information for elementary, secondary, special education and adult education programs discussed in Chapter 5. They highlight ways to access free or low-cost educational options, special assistance and federal funding coming through the state to localities, agencies and organizations. Alabama Department of Education Gordon Persons Office Building 50 North Ripley Street PO Box 302102 Montgomery, AL 36130-2101 334-242-9700 334-242-9708 (fax) http://www.alsde.edu/ver1 Alaska Department of Education and Early Development Suite 200 801 West 10th Street Juneau, AK 99801-1894 907-465-2800 907-465-2800 (TTY) 907-465-4156 (fax) http://www.eed.state.ak.us Arizona Department of Education 1535 West Jefferson Phoenix, AZ 85007 602-542-5460 800-352-8400 602-542-5440 (fax) http://www.ade.state.az.us Arkansas Department of Education General Edition Division Room 304 A Four State Capitol Mall Little Rock, AR 72201-1071 501-682-4204 501-682-1079 (fax) http://www.arkedu.state.ar.us California Department of Education Second Floor 721 Capitol Mall Sacramento, CA 95814 916-657-2451 916-657-2682 http://www.cde.ca.gov Colorado Department of Education 201 East Colfax Avenue Denver, CO 80203-1704 303-866-6600 303-830-0793 (fax) http://www.cde.state.co.us Connecticut Department of Education Room 305 State Office Building 165 Capitol Avenue Hartford, CT 06106-1080 860-566-5061 860-556-8964 (fax) http://www.state.ct.us/sde Delaware Department of Education John G. Townsend Building PO Box 1402 Federal and Lockerman Suites Dover, DE 19903-1402 302-739-4601 302-739-4654 (fax) http://www.doe.state.de.us District of Columbia Public Schools Union Square 825 North Capitol Street NE Washington, DC 20002 202-724-4222 202-442-5026 (fax) http://www.k12.dc.us/dcps.home.html Florida Department of Education Room PL 08 Capitol Building Tallahassee, FL 32399-0400 850-487-1785 850-413-0378 (fax) http://www.firn.edu/doe/index.html Georgia Department of Education 2054 Twin Towers East Atlanta, GA 30334-5001 404-656-2800 800-311-3627 (toll free for GA residents only) 404-651-6867 (fax) http://www.doe.k12.ga.us/index.asp Hawaii Department of Education 1390 Miller Street Honolulu, HI 96813 808-586-3310 808-586-3320 (fax) http://www.k12.hi.us Idaho Department of Education Len B. Jordan Office Building 650 West State Street PO Box 83720 Boise, ID 83720-0027 208-332-6800 800-432-4601 (toll free for ID residents only) 800-377-3529 (TTY) 208-334-2228 (fax) http://www.sde.state.id.us/Dept Illinois State Board of Education 100 North First Street Springfield, IL 62777 217-782-1900 217-524-4928 (fax) http://www.isbe.net Indiana Department of Education State House, Room 229 Indianapolis, IN 46204-2798 317-232-6665 317-232-8004 (fax) http://www.doe.state.in.us Iowa Department of Education Grimes State Office Building East 14th and Grand Streets Des Moines, IA 50319-0146 515-281-3436 515-281-4122 (fax) http://www.state.ia.us/educate Kansas Department of Education 500 Mero Street Frankfort, KY 40601 502-564-4770 800-533-5372 (toll free for KY residents only) 502-564-4770 (fax) http://www.kde.state.ky.us Louisiana Department of Education 626 North Fourth Street PO Box 94064 Baton Rouge, LA 70704-9064 225-342-4411 877-453-2721 225-342-7316 (fax) http://www.doe.state.la.us Maine Department of Education 23 State House Station Augusta, ME 0433-0023 207-287-5800 207-287-2550 (TTY) 207-287-5802 (fax) http://www.janus.state.me.us/education/homepage.htm Maryland Department of Education 200 West Baltimore Street Baltimore, MD 21201 410-767-0462 410-333-6033 (fax) http://www.msde.state.md.us Massachusetts Department of Education Educational Improvement Group 350 Main Street Malden, MA 02148 781-338-3000 800-439-2370 781-338-3395 (fax) http://www.doe.mass.edu Michigan Department of Education Hannah Building Fourth Floor 608 West Allegan Street Lansing, MI 48933 517-373-3324 517-335-4565 http://www.mde.state.mi.us Minnesota Department of Children, Families, and Learning 1500 Highway 36 West Roseville, MN 55113-4266 651-582-8200 651-582-8201 (TTY) 651-582-8727 (fax) http://cfl.state.mn.us Mississippi State Department of Education Suite 365 359 North West Street Jackson, MS 39201 601-359-3513 601-359-3242 (fax) http://www.mde.k12ms.us Missouri Department of Elementary and Secondary Education PO Box 480 Jefferson City, MO 65102-0480 573-751-4212 800-735-2966 (TTY) 573-751-8613 (fax) http://www.dese.state.mo.us Montana Office of Public Instruction PO Box 202501 Helena, MT 59620-2501 406-444-2082 800-231-9393 (toll free for MT residents only) 406-444-3924 http://www.metnet.state.mt.us Nebraska Department of Education 700 East Fifth Street Carson City, NV 89701 775-687-9141 775-687-9101 (fax) http://www.nsn.k12.nv.us/nvdoe New Hampshire Department of Education 101 Pleasant Street State Office Park South Concord, NH 03301 603-271-3144 800-339-9900 800-735-2964 (TTY) 603-271-1953 (fax) http://www.ed.state.nh.us New Jersey Department of Education PO Box 500 100 Riverview Place Trenton, NJ 08625-0500 609-292-4469 609-777-4099 (fax) http://www.state.nj.us/education New Mexico State Department of Education Education Building 300 Don Gaspar Santa Fe, NM 87501-2786 505-827-6516 505-827-6541 (TTY) 505-827-6696 (fax) http://www.sde.state.nm.us New York Education Department Education Building Room 111 89 Washington Avenue Albany, NY 12234 518-474-5844 518-473-4909 (fax) http://www.nysed.gov North Carolina Department of Public Instruction Education Building 301 North Wilmington Street Raleigh, NC 27601-2825 919-715-1299 919-715-1278 (fax) http://www.ncpublicschools.org North Dakota Department of Public Construction 11th Floor Department 201 600 East Boulevard Avenue Bismarck, ND 58505-0440 701-328-2260 703-328-2461 (fax) http://www.dpi.state.nd.us Ohio Department of Education 25 South Front Street Columbus, OH 43215-4183 877-644-6338 614-752-3956 (fax) http://www.ode.state.oh.us Oklahoma State Department of Education 2500 North Lincoln Boulevard Oklahoma City, OK 73105-4599 405-521-3301 405-521-6205 (fax) http://sde.state.ok.us Oregon Department of Education 255 Capitol Street, NE Salem, OR 97310-0203 503-378-3569 503-378-2892 (TTY) 503-373-7968 (fax) http://www.ode.state.or.us Pennsylvania Department of Education 10th Floor 333 Market Street Harrisburg, PA 17126-0333 717-787-5820 717-787-7222 (fax) http://www.pde.state.pa.us Rhode Island Department of Elementary and Secondary Education 255 Westminster Street Providence, RI 02903-3400 401-222-4600 800-745-5555 401-222-4044 (fax) http://www.ridoe.net South Carolina Department of Education 1006 Rutledge Building 1429 Senate Street Columbia, SC 29201 803-734-8492 803-734-3389 (fax) http://www.sde.state.sc.us/sde South Dakota Department of Education and Cultural Affairs 700 Governors Drive Pierre, SD 57501-2291 605-773-6302 605-773-6139 (fax) http://www.state.sd.us/deca Tennessee State Department of Education Andrew Johnson Tower, Sixth Floor 710 James Robertson Parkway Nashville, TN 37243-0375 615-741-2731 615-532-4791 (fax) http://www.state.tn.us/education Texas Education Agency William B. Travis Building 1701 North Congress Avenue Austin, TX 78701-1494 512-463-9734 512-463-9008 (fax) http://www.tea.state.tx.us Utah State Office of Education 250 East 500 South Salt Lake City, UT 84111 801-538-7500 801-538-7501 (fax) http://www.usoe.k12.ut.us Vermont Department of Education 120 State Street Montpelier, VT 05620-2501 802-828-3147 802-828-2755 (TTY) 802-828-3140 (fax) http://www.state.vt.us/educ Virginia Department of Education PO Box 2120 Richmond, VA 23218-2120 804-225-2020 800-292-3820 (toll free for VA residents only) 804-371-2455 (fax) http://www.pen.k12.va.us/go/VDOE Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction (Washington) Old Capitol Building 600 South Washington PO Box 47200 Olympia, WA 98504-7200 360-586-6904 360-664-3631 (TTY) 360-753-6712 (fax) http://www.k12.wa.us West Virginia Department of Education Building 6 1900 Kanawha Boulevard East Charleston, WV 25305-0330 304-558-0304 304-558-2584 (fax) http://wvde.state.wv.us Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction 125 South Webster Street PO Box 7841 Madison, WI 53707-7841 608-266-3108 800-441-4563 608-267-2427 (TTY) 608-267-1052 (fax) http://www.dpi.state.wi.us Wyoming Department of Education Second Floor 2300 Capitol Avenue Cheyenne, WI 82002 307-777-7675 307-777-6221 (TTY) 307-777-6234 (fax) http://www.k12.wy.us Educational support services There are many web sites that address child development, educational needs, childcare, parenting, nutrition, professional development, health and spirituality. Here are a few examples: Childcare and Parenting Most mother-child programs consider childcare arrangements to be part of the program. Some programs provide in-house day care while the mothers are in treatment, education or work programs. Others arrange for childcare at local daycare centers, preschools or home providers. Programs that do not provide assistance with childcare or require the mother to have constant custody will not be flexible enough to meet mother-child needs. Providers can get information about childcare from a variety of sources. The following provide a wide variety of subjects, assistance and contacts. The Juvenile Justice Clearinghouse, sponsored by the Coordinating Council on Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, maintains a comprehensive database of information. ---------------------------- National Association for Child Advocates works to support state and local child advocacy organizations. National Association for Child Advocates 1522 K. Street, NW Suite 600 Washington, DC 20005-1202 202-289-0777 202-289-0776 http://www.childadvocacy.org E-mail: naca@childadvocacy.org National Association for the Education of Young Children (or National Academy of Early Childhood Program) is an organization that works for and with people in the education field to improve the quality of instruction and teaching conditions for instructors and children through the third grade. National Association for the Education of Young Children 1509 16th St., NW Washington, DC 20036-1425 1-800-424-2460 202-232-8777 202-328-1846 (fax) http://www.naeyc.org/ The National Head Start Association provides information, technical assistance, training and career development for those who are developing early childhood education programs. National Head Start Association 1651 Prince Street Alexandria, VA 22314 703-739-0875 703-739-0878 (fax) The National Network for Childcare contains information for parents, education professionals, and parent educators. Network discussion group and funding links will help community corrections providers contact experts in their region. The consortium links providers with early childhood, school age, teen, research and evaluation experts located at land grant universities across the country. National Network for Childcare ADEC Distance Consortium C218 Animal Science University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln, NE 68583-0952 402-472-7000 http://www.exnet.iastate.edu/Pages/nncc E-mail: nncc@exnet.iastate.edu The Juvenile Justice Resource Center provides professionals and volunteers who work with children in the area of parenting with a cross-reference of nine federal agencies. Although much of the focus is on parenting, the site includes youth development, child care, education, family focus, health and safety, after school activities, and resources. Parenting Resources for the 21st Century Juvenile Justice Resource Center 2277 Research Blvd. Rockville, MD 20850 http://www.parentingresources.ncjrs.org E-mail: parentingresources@ncjrs.org ---------------------------- Private and Specialized Resources Foundations, non-profit and for-profit organizations provide help concerning parenting. There are various curricula, training and approaches to parenting that can be considered through internet websites. It is a good place to look for assistance that fits your particular mother-child programs. ---------------------------- American Bar Association's Center on Children and the Law works to improve the quality of representation for children and families in the justice system. The website has articles on the Adoption and Safe Families Act, Permanency Planning, and child custody issues. ABA Center on Children and the Law 740 15th Street, NW, 10th Floor Washington, DC 20005-1009 202-662-1740 202-602-1755 (fax) http://www.abanet.org/child/home.html E-mail: ctrchildlaw@abanet.org The Center for Effective Parenting presents information on parenting skills. Program planners will find information about training parents and other professionals who work with children, improving research and service to families and communities. The Center is supported by a grant from the U.S. Department of Education. Department of Pediatrics, # 512 University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences 800 Marshall Street Little Rock, AR 72202 501-320-7580, 501-320-4967 (fax) http://www.parenting-ed.org/parents.htm The Colorado Parent Information and Resource Center has designed a page with a wide array of information, links and research for building skills of mother-child program participants. The information listed contains multicultural resources, including those in other languages, tips for parents and teachers, training and information about events in Colorado. The index of research linking parent involvement in their child's education is particularly noteworthy. Colorado Parent Information and Resource Center Center for Human Investment Policy 1445 Market St., Suite 350 Denver, CO 80202 Phone: 303-820-5624 303-820-5656 (fax) http://www.cpirc.org E-mail: hn4804@handsnet.org National Association of Protection & Advocacy Systems assumes leadership in promoting and strengthening the role and performance of its members in providing quality legally based advocacy services. Nat. Assoc. of Protection & Advocacy System 900 Second Street NE, Suite 211 Washington, DC 20002 TDD 202-408-9521 http://www.protectionandadvocacy.com/ E-mail: HN4537@handsnet.org National Parent Information Network is part of the Eric Clearinghouse and provides information on parenting, links, and research. The Network publishes Parent News with articles of interest to teachers, parents, childcare workers and others in who are involved with young children. Eric Clearinghouse on Elementary and Early Childhood Education University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 51 Gerty Drive Champaign, Il 61820-7469 217-333-1386 800-583-4135 Fax: 217-333-3767 http://npin.org/ Email: nmpin@uiuc.edu Positive ParentThing is a website sponsored by the International Network for Children and Families, promoting "Redirecting Children's Behavior." The program has lists of trainers from various states, as well as newsletters, articles, discussion groups and Spanish language information. Positive Parent Thing http://www.positiveparenting.com National Center for Children in Poverty works to disseminate strategies for combating childhood poverty. National Center for Children in Poverty Mailman School of Public Health Columbia University 154 Haven Ave. New York, NY 10032 212-304-7100 Fax: 212-544-4200 http://www.nccp.org ---------------------------- Childcare provider skills and addressing child trauma Providing quality childcare and helping mothers become better caregivers are important issues that take substantial expertise and resources. ---------------------------- The Center for the Childcare Work Force website is designed to improve the quality of childcare. Issues raised in this piece concern the rights, employment conditions and training of childcare employees. There are links to training and other publications, including standards that may become an important guide for program planners. Center for the Childcare Work Force 733 15th Street, NW Suite 1037 Washington, DC 2005-2112 800-UR-worthy 202-737-7700 202-737-0370 (fax) http://www.ccw.org E-mail: ccw@ccw.org Child Trauma Home Page offers a list of publications, links, and ways to assess trauma. http://www.childtrauma.com Child Trauma Academy offers free online courses through their university where users can learn more about child trauma. http://www.childtrauma.org Trauma Information Home Page contains trauma links, resources, a Trauma Bookstore, and support for trauma victims and their caregivers http://www.trauma-pages.com The Program for Infant/Toddler Caregivers has developed and made available a training system for childcare providers in conjunction with the California Department of Education. The Program for Infant/Toddler Caregivers 180 Harbor Drive, Suite 112 Sausalito, CA 94965-1410 415-331-5277 http://web.wested.org/cs/wew/view/pj/195 E-mail: ssigner@wested.org The Children's Foundation focuses on home-based day care. It also publishes family child-care training materials and sponsors advocacy groups in the family child care area. Children's Foundation 725 15th Street, NW Suite 505 Washington DC 20005-2109 202-347-3382 Fax: 202-347-3382 E-mail: cf_washdc@aol.com http://www.childrensfoundation.net The Family Track links page has topics such as human development, parenting education, relationships, and family resource management, to name a few. This helps staff in mother-child programs in their work with families. Family Track http://www.familytrack.com Handsnet is a membership organization specializing in bringing internet technology to nonprofit organizations. It focuses on those groups that serve families and children. Handsnet Training and Resource Center 1990 M Street, NW #550 Washington, D.C. 20036 Voice: 202-872-1111 Fax: 202-872-1245 http://www.handsnet.org/ The NAEYC advocates for improved early childhood education. Its website focuses on resources for improved practices and working conditions for those who work in preschools and other related fields. It also features ways to improve public understanding and support for quality early childhood education. National Association for the Education of Young Children 1509 16th Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20036-1426 202-232-8777 800-424-2460 202-328-1846 (fax) http://www.naeyc.org/default.htm E-mail: pubaff@naeyc.org WonderWise Parent Mother-child participants can utilize various parts of this web site, including instructions on signing up for distance learning on child development. The site offers a section with activities to help parents think about parenting in different ways. It also provides addresses to the Kansas State University Cooperative Extension Service. WonderWise Parent http://www.ksu.edu/wwwparent/begin.html ---------------------------- Assistance for offenders and families ---------------------------- Center for Children of Incarcerated Parents strives to end intergenerational incarceration. CCIP conducts and supplies research and a clearinghouse, offers education programs, helps reunite families that have been separated due to incarceration, and offers therapy and counseling for children and parents affected by imprisonment. Center for Children of Incarcerated Parents Post Office Box 41-286 Eagle Rock, CA 90041 626-449-8796 626-449-9001 (fax) http://www.e-ccip.org Child Welfare League of America has publications available for professionals concerning resources, training, legal issues and support for children of offenders. CWLA serves children at risk and has made a priority of training professionals and serving children. Child Welfare League of America 440 First Street NW Third Floor Washington DC 2001-2085 202-638-2952 202:638-4404 (fax) http://www.cwla.org The Family and Corrections Network is an organization serving the families of offenders. Its website contains information and resources on finding prisoners and fatherhood organizations that serve the children of incarcerated parents, programs, and foundations. It also has an e-mail list and a chat room. Family and Corrections Network (FCN) Publishers of the FCN Report 32 Oak Grove Road Palmyra, VA 22963 804-589-3036 804-589-6520 (fax) http://www.fcnetwork.org Building resilient families can improve results for female offenders and their children and the National Network for Family Resiliency website profiles resources to meet that goal. It includes written information to be used by families, teens and parents. Look for postings with funding possibilities. National Network for Family Resiliency http://www.nnfr.org ---------------------------- Publications and References All About Change, Kathy Kagy-Taylor and Donna Dansker, 1991, The Aring Institute of Beech Acres, 6881 Beechmont Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 45230, 513- 231-6630. All Kinds of Families, Norma Simon. Albert Whitman & Co., October 1987. Available through Amazon.com. A Visit to the Big House, Oliver Butterworth. Out of print but may be available in a library. Because...Somebody Loves Me, Children's Welfare League of America, 1996. Breaking Out, Barthe Declements, Demco Media, August 1993. Available through Amazon.com. Breaking the Cycle of Despair: Children of Incarcerated Mothers, Women's Prison Association and Home, 1995. "Brief Strategic Family Therapy: Twenty-Five Years of Interplay Among Theory, Research and Practice in Adolescent Behavior Problems and Drug Abuse," J. Szapocznik and R.A. Williams. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, in press. "Changes in Parenting Practices and Adolescent Drug Abuse During Multidimensional Family Therapy," S.E. Schmidt, H.A. Liddle, and G.A. Dakof. Journal of Family Psychology, vol. 10, no. 1, 1996, pp. 12-27. "Child Custody Issues of Women Prisoners: A Preliminary Report from the CHICAS Project," D. Johnston. In The Prison Journal 75(2), 1995, pp. 222- 239. Children of Incarcerated Parents, Katherine Gabel and Denise Johnston, Eds. 1995. Coping When a Parent is in Jail, John J. La Valle, Rosen Publishing Group, June 1995. Available through Amazon.com. "Departures for Family Ties and Responsibilities after Koon," Federal Sentencing. R., May/June 1997. Directory of Programs Serving Families of Adult Offenders, James W. Mustin, ed., 1998, available from the National Institute of Corrections, http://www.nicic.org, 800-877-1461. "Family Views in Correctional Programs," Creasie Finney Hairston, PhD, Encyclopedia of Social Work, 19th Edition, Washington, DC, NASA Press, 1995, pp. 991-996. "Federal Bureau of Prison's Parenting Program Standards," PS5355.03, January 20, 1995, www.bop.gov/progstat/53559993.html The Foster Care Handbook for Incarcerated Parents: A Manual of Your Legal Rights and Responsibilities, by the Inmate Foster Care Committee, The Children's Center, Bedford Hills Correctional Facility, Bedford Hills, NY, 914- 241-3100. Grandparent Caregivers: A National Guide, by the Legal Services for Prisoners with Children, 100 McAllister, San Francisco, CA 94102, 415-255-7036. Healing the Whole Family: A Look at Family Care Programs, Mary Lee Allen and Jamila Larson. Children's Defense Fund, 1998. Help for Kids! Understanding Your Feelings About Having a Parent in Prison or Jail, Carole Gesme, MA, CCDP, with consultation from Michele Kopfman. Write Carole Gesme, 4036 Kerry Court, Minnetonka, MN 53345, 612-938- 9163 or 612-935-2038 (fax) to purchase copies. Homemade Books to Help Kids Cope: An Easy-to-Learn Technique for Parents and Professionals, Robert G. Ziegler, M.D., New York: Imagination Press, 1992. How Can I Help? A Three-Volume Series on Serving Special Children, Vol I: "Working with Children of Incarcerated Parents", Vol. II: "Sustaining & Enhancing Family Ties", Vol III: "Resources for Supporting the Children of Incarcerated Parents", developed by the Osborne Association, 135 E. 15th Street, New York, NY 10003, 212-673-6633. If You Have a Parent in Jail, Then This Book is For You, Craig, Kevin, Josselyn, Alan, Brittney, with Bonnie Ayer and Amy Bigelow, school counselors at Flynn School, Burlington, VT, 0540, 1996. Incarcerated Mothers and the Maintenance of Family Ties, The Subcommittee on Women, Council of the City of New York, City Hall, New York, NY 10007, 212-788-7250, 1996. Into the Great Forest: A Story for Children Away from Parents for the First Time, Irene Wineman Marcus and Paul Marcus, PhD, New York: Magination Press, 1992. The Kissing Hand, Audrey Penn. Child Welfare League of America, 1993. "Legal Images of Motherhood: Conflicting Definitions of Welfare 'Reform,' Family, and Criminal Law," Cornell Law Review, 1998, pp. 688, 692-723, 741-61. "Maternal Ties: A Selection of Programs for Female Offenders," Cynthia Blinn, ed., 1997, American Correctional Association, 800-222-5646. "Mentoring--A Proven Delinquency Prevention Strategy," J. Grossman and E. Garry. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, Juvenile Justice Bulletin, April 1997. National Clearinghouse on Child Abuse and Neglect, 1997 State Statute Series, Volume VI, Permanency Planning, p. 91, or go to www.calib.com/mccanch/services/statutes.htm and click on "Volume VI, Permanency Planning." Let's Talk About When Your Parent is in Jail, Maureen Wittbold, Powerkids Press, August 1998. Available through Amazon.com. Manual for Grandparents, Relative Caregivers, and their Advocates, by the Legal Services for Prisoners with Children, 100 McAllister, San Francisco, CA 94102, 415-255-7036. Overcoming the Odds: High Risk Children from Birth to Adulthood, E. Werner and R.S. Smith. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1992. Parenting from Prison: A Handbook for Incarcerated Mothers, Aid to Children of Imprisoned Mothers, Inc., 1998. Parenting from the Inside: Maintaining the Bond, Maud MacArthur, BA, and Theresa LaBarre, PhD, 1996. To purchase, contact FCI Danbury, Route 37, Danbury, CT 06811-3099, 203-743-6471. "Parenting Programs for Imprisoned Mothers," Irene Glasser, Practicing Anthropology, Vol. 14, no. 3, Summer 1992. Partnerships Between Corrections and Child Welfare: Part Two, Collaboration for Change, the Women's Prison Association & Home, Inc., From Family to Family, Tools for Rebuilding Foster Care series, 1997, published by the Annie E. Casey Foundation, 701 Paul Street, Baltimore, MD, 21202, 410-547- 6600, 410-547-6624 (fax), http://www.aecf.org. "Queenie Peavy," Robert Burch, Viking Press. Available through Amazon.com. "Resilient Children," E. Werner. In Young Children, 40, 1984, pp. 68-72. "The Role of Program Quality in Producing Early Childhood Program Benefits," E.C. Frede. In The Future of Children, Vol. 5, No. 3, Winter 1995. The State of America's Children 1992. Children's Defense Fund. Washington, DC: Author, 1992. "Stress Resistant Children: The Search for Protective Factors," N. Garmezy. In J. Stevenson, Ed., Recent Research in Developmental Psychopathy. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1984. "Three Wraparound Models as Promising Approaches," S.K. Goldman and L. Faw. In B.J. Burns and S.K. Goldman, Eds. Promising Practices in Wraparound for Children with Serious Emotional Disturbances and Their Families-Systems of Care: Promising Practices in Children's Mental Health 1998 Series, Volume IV (Washington, DC: Center for Effective Collaboration and Practice, American Institutes for Research, 1999), pp. 17-33. Training Manual on Working with Women in the Criminal Justice System, the Women's Justice Alliance, 1997, c/o Women's Prison Association, 110 Second Avenue, New York, NY 10003, 212-674-1163. Two in Every 100: A Special Workbook for Children with a Parent in Prison, published by Reconciliation Ministries, Inc., P.O. Box 90827, Nashville, TN, 37209, 615-292-6371. "'What About the Kids?': Parenting Issues in Sentencing," Hon. Patricia M. Wald, Fed. Sent. R., July/Aug. 1997, originally published in Federal Sentencing Reporter, Nov/Dec. 1995. What Kids Need to Succeed: Proven, Practical Ways to Raise Good Kids, P. Benson. Minneapolis: Free Spirit Press, 1995. Why Punish the Children: A Reappraisal of the Children of Incarcerated Mothers in America, Barbara Bloom and David Steinhart, National Council on Crime and Delinquency, 1993. Zachary's New Home: A Story for Foster and Adopted Children, Geraldine M. Blomquist, MSW and Paul B. Blomquist, New York: Magination Press, 1990. ---------------------------- IV. Gender, Cultural and Ethnic Diversity Resources Focusing on Individual Characteristics This chapter discusses references related to female offenders, their families and their cultural traditions. A growing body of research indicates that gender and cultural influences play an important part in rehabilitation of female offenders and maintaining family bonds and community ties. This part lists public and private resources that include: 1) statistical information, useful in writing grants, proposals and analyzing problems; 2) technical assistance networks and training for providers; 3) funding opportunities; 4) networks and advocacy groups and 5) training, research and special curricula. Female and Gender Specific Government and Educational Resources Many programs start from substance abuse, but those are also male-based. Because most mother-child programs start with correctional services, they are based on research from males. Until recently the numbers of women in the criminal justice system were so low that it was difficult to study program effects on females. Similarly most existing programs are tested and designed based on the majority's cultural norms. With the number of women from diverse ethnic and cultural groups in the justice system increasing each year, it is important to remember that these programs may not work as well for differing cultural groups. The challenge is for mother-child programs to apply research- based principles that take into consideration gender and cultural differences. This challenge also applies to services for children; accessing children's resources can be more elusive for new programs than getting assistance for adult community correctional services for the parent. ---------------------------- Bibliography on Women, Crime and Justice--Re profiles a wide array of publications and sources that pertain to the development and education of women. Institute for Teaching and Research on Women Towson University 8000 York Road Towson, MD 21252 410-704-5457 410-704-3469 (fax) http://www.towson.edu/users/vanfoss/sokbibad.htm E-mail: ncctrw@towson.edu Correctional Services of Canada--Re has information about programs for women offenders. http://www.csc-scc.gc.ca/text/prgrm/fsw/fsw_e.shtml The Early Childhood Connection--Re provides a range of resources including gender socialization for parents, program planners, and policymakers. These resources are grounded in early childhood research including a self-survey of a woman's work and family stresses. Among papers available are those involving television and non-sexist literature for young children. Early Childhood Connection, The Center for Research on Women Wellesley College 106 Central Street Wellesley MA 02181-8259 1-800- 789-6379 (1-617-283-3892) http://www.wellesley.edu/WCW/CRW/TECC/home.html National Criminal Justice Reference Service--Re Female Offender Documents are available online through this website. This includes a variety of important research and articles on female offender programs. National Criminal Justice Reference Service Female Offender Documents http://virlib.ncjrs.org/corr.asp?category=44&subcategory=11 The National Institute of Corrections--$, TA, Re provides programs, strategies, and resources for women offenders, and also related web sites. NIC Information Center 1860 Industrial Circle, Suite A Longmont, Colorado 80501 (800) 877-1461 or (303) 682-0213 http://www.nicic.org/services/special/women/default.htm E-mail: asknicic@nicic.org Women's Studies Database, University of Maryland--Re is a research database with links to other women's studies resources. http://www.inform.umd.edu/EdRes/Topic/WomensStudies/ Women's Studies/Women's Resource Sites--Re is an annotated listing of websites of resources and information from an academic women's studies perspective. http://www-unix.umbc.edu/~korenman/wmst/links.html ---------------------------- Nonprofit and Private Resources for Women The following organizations and resources relate to women's community corrections programs. They range from human rights issues to child-care and health issues. There are a wide variety of resources that can be accessed through internet web search. Below are sources that provide a variety of types of assistance. ---------------------------- Amnesty International: investigates and advocates for human rights for female offenders and others. The site offers specific publications for women as well. http://www.amnesty-usa.org Institute for Women's Policy Research promotes improved policies and public information pertaining to women and their families. They provide reports on the status of women in the states and have listservs on welfare issues, health and poverty. Institute for Women's Policy Research 1701 L Street, NW, Suite 750 Washington, DC 20036 202-785-5100 http://www.iwpr.org/ The National Council for Research on Women provides leadership and a forum on gender specific issues, and is part of an alliance of women's studies research and policy centers. National Council for Research on Women 11 Hanover Square New York, NY 10005 212-785-7335 Fax: 212-785-7350 ncrw@ncrw.org http://www.ncrw.org/ The National Health Resource Center on Domestic Violence provides support to health care professionals, policy makers and domestic violence advocates. Family Violence Prevention Fund 383 Rhode Island St. Suite #304 San Francisco, CA 94103-5133 (415) 252-8900 Fax: (415) 252-8991 fund@fpvf.org http://www.fvpf.org/health/ ---------------------------- Direct Service Programs There are a number of programs that provide direct services as well as technical assistance, training, and advocacy. Community corrections project developers should note the work of the following organizations. ---------------------------- Girls Incorporated National Resource Center offers a number of projects and model programs for young females to encourage them in areas such as academics, math and sports. Girls Incorporated National Resource Center 441 West Michigan Street Indianapolis, IN 46202-3287 317/634-7546 Fax: 317/634-3024 http://www.girlsinc.org National Women's Law Center, Washington DC provides research and advocacy work in the areas of female offender issues as well as ethnic, family, economic security, health, employment, and cultural diversity education by doing research, litigation, and advocacy. National Women's Law Center 11 Dupont Circle, Suite 800 Washington, D.C. 20036 (202) 588-5180 Fax: (202) 588-5185 http://www.nwlc.org/ Women in Community Service and Female Offender Programs has programs for women offenders, including mentors for female inmates. http://wwww.wics.org/eval.doc Women's Prison Association assists offenders in the transition to independent living, providing assessment, court advocacy, counseling, field supervision, job and housing assistance, and other services. NYC Women's Prison Association and Home Hopper Home and Huntington House 110 Second Avenue New York, NY 10003 (212) 674-1163 Fax: (212) 677-1981 http://dpca.state.ny.us/nysdpca/new_york_city/nyc_womens_prison_associatio n_an.htm ---------------------------- Health and Human Resources Cultural and Diversity Assistance Discretionary funding is available from the Department of Education, Agriculture, Health and Human Services, Office of Civil Rights and other Agencies. The following list will help locate sources within HHS. ---------------------------- Department of Health and Human Services, Civil Rights Office enforces and administers a number of laws relating to treatment, rehabilitation, health, and family violence. Department of Health and Human Services, Civil Rights Office Hubert Humphrey Building 220 Independence Ave, SW Washington, DC 20201 202-619-0403 Administration for Native Americans in the Administration for Children and Families, DHHS--$, TA, Re serves Native Americans pertaining to social and economic self-development. Adm. For Native Americans Hubert Humphrey Building 220 Independence Ave, SW Washington, DC 20201 202-690-7776 http://www.acf.dhhs.gov/programs/ana Refugee Resettlement Office in the Administration for Children and Families, DHHS--$, TA provides cash and medical and social services to refugees, Cubans, and Haitians who are eligible legalized aliens. Refugee Resettlement Office 370 L'Enfant Promenade, SW Washington, DC 20447 202-401-9256 Indian Health Service, DHHS--$,TA provides direct service health services to 1.4 million Native Americans. Indian Health Service Parklawn Building 5600 Fishers Lane Rockville, MD 20857-1000 301-443-1083 http://www.ihs.dhhs.gov DHHS, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Substance Abuse Prevention, Knowledge Development and Evaluation Division--$, TA, Re develops and funds programs for offenders and their children at risk of substance abuse. Knowledge Development and Evaluation Division, SAMHSA Rockwall II 5515 Security Lane Rockville, MD 20852 301-443-9110 http://www.samhsa.gov/csap/index.htm DHHS, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Mental Health Services--$, TA dedicated to improving treatment, rehabilitation, prevention for underserved and diverse populations. Center for Mental Health Services Parklawn Building 5600 Fishers Lane Rockville, MD 20857 301-443-3606 http://www.samhsa.gov/cmhs/cmhs.htm ---------------------------- Other Educational and Federal Agency Diversity Resources Although many programs have Native American branches, there are few branches dedicated to cultural diversity and ethnic resources. The following provides an overview of some branches that planners should know about. ---------------------------- This desk within the Office of Justice Programs--$, TA assists Native American and tribal groups with grants and assistance within the Department of Justice Program. American Indian and Alaska Native Affairs Desk Office of Justice Programs 810 7th Street, NW Washington, DC 20531 202-307-0703 http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/aian Department of Education, Office of Civil Rights--TA. Re is dedicated to equal access to education for all Americans. It focuses on investigation, assistance, and information concerning classes of persons who have rights under the Constitution and federal statutes such as the Americans with Disabilities Act. A reference library and specific information about access to educational services is available through the agency. U.S. Department of Education Office for Civil Rights Customer Service Team, Mary E. Switzer Building 330 C Street, SW Washington, D.C. 20202 1-800-421-3481 202-205-9862 (fax) Mother-child program planners can learn about research involving working with diverse families from this clearinghouse sponsored by the Office of Special Education Programs of the U.S. Department of Education. The Early Childhood Research Institute on Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services--Re (CLAS) is a research clearinghouse for culturally and linguistically diverse families. The Early Childhood Research Institute on Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services 61 Children's Research Center 51 Gerty Drive Champaign, IL 61820-7498 217-333-1386 or 217-333-4123 Fax: 217-333-3767 or 217-244-7732 http://clas.uiuc.edu Harvard Journal of Hispanic Policy--Re contains scholarly articles on Latino culture and economic development issues. Harvard Journal of Hispanic Policy John F. Kennedy School of Government Harvard University 79 John F. Kennedy Street Cambridge, MA 02138 617-495-1311 Fax: 617-495-4777 http://www.ksg.harvard.edu/hjhp Hispanic Culture Review--Re features writings, opinions and bi-lingual presentation. Hispanic Culture Review George Mason University Modern & Classical Languages, MSN 3E5 4400 University Drive Fairfax, VA 22030-4444 (703) 993-2904 http://www.gmu.edu/org/hcr/ E-mail: hcr@gmu.edu Latino Research Review--Re is an academic publication featuring research on Latino culture. The Latino Research Review (LRR) CELAC, SS-247 University at Albany, SUNY Albany, NY 12222 Fax: (518) 442-4790 http://www.albany.edu/tree-tops/docs.celac/docs.lrb/lrbfw.html E-mail: lrr@albany.edu This National Center for Children in Poverty--Re provides information and assistance for disadvantaged children, and particularly addresses those affected by substance abuse and welfare needs. Informational resources are available on selected topics pertaining to improving the circumstances of young children living in poverty. National Center for Children in Poverty The Joseph Mailman School of Public Health Columbia University 154 Haven Avenue New York, NY 10032-1180 212-304-7100 Fax: 212-544-4200 http://www.nccp.org National Women's Health Information Center--Re is a gateway to federal and other women's health information resources, a service of the Department of Health and Human Services. National Women's Health Information Center 8550 Arlington Blvd., Suite 300 Fairfax, VA 22031 1-800-994-9662 http://www.4woman.org Southwest Hispanic Research Institute--Re provides research on Latino culture and related issues. Southwest Hispanic Research Institute The University of New Mexico 1829 Sigma Chi Rd. N.E. Albuquerque, NM 87131-1036 (505)277-2965 Fax: (505)277-3343 http://www.unm.edu/~swhri E-mail: swhri@unm.edu U.S. Civil Rights Commission--Re provides a clearinghouse and investigates matters involving race, color, religion, sex, age, disability, or national origin. It also reviews federal laws and policies with respect to discrimination or denial of equal protection of the laws. A list of publications is available about specific race, gender, ethnicity and age issues, including disparate treatment of minorities in criminal justice system. U.S. Civil Rights Commission 624 Ninth Street NW Washington, DC 20425 (202) 376-8128 http:// www.usccr.gov/ ---------------------------- Nonprofit and Private Resources on Cultural and Ethnic Diversity Program planners can get information and assistance from specific organizations dedicated to health, faith, criminal justice, and children's issues. Each of the following groups provides tools for considering Hispanic, African American, faith-based, Native American, and other cultural issues. Building culturally relevant programs is an important goal also in and of itself and because funding agencies require it. ---------------------------- Black Women's Health is a website dedicated to improving the health and wellness of black women, providing information on a variety of health issues. http://www.blackwomenshealth.com/ Center for Health Policy Development, Inc. provides advocacy, information, technical assistance and training to the Latino community. Information available on culturally competent programming, correctional and community health care. Center for Health Policy Development, Inc. 6905 Alamo Downs Parkway San Antonio, Texas 78238-4519 210-520-8020 or 1-800-847-7212 Fax: 210-520-9522 Church Women United is a national multi-denominational organization dedicated to humanitarian principles that support equality of life and strengthening of families. Church Women United 475 Riverside Drive, Suite 500 New York, NY 10115 212-870-2347 Fax: 212-870-2338 http://www.churchwomen.org/ E-mail: cwu@churchwomen.org Hispanic Yearbook provides statistics, business, career, education, health and information concerning the Latina community. Hispanic Yearbook Imagen Latinoamericana Magazine Editorial Grama, Inc. 1431-B East 41st St. Tulsa, OK 74105 http://www.imagenlatinoamericana.com The Ecumenical Child Care Network, a national, inter-denominational organization is dedicated to equal access to high quality affordable childcare. Members working through churches are urged to overcome bias and racist principles and to work for equality. The Ecumenical Child Care Network 8765 West Higgins Road, Suite 405 Chicago, IL 60631 (312) 693-4040 http://www.eccn.org./ Intercultural Development Research Association, a non-profit organization in San Antonio, Texas, promotes equality of educational opportunity for every student and provides professional development, research and evaluation and leadership support through its programs and materials. Intercultural Development Research Association 5835 Callaghan Road, Suite 350 San Antonio, Texas 78228-1190 (210) 444-1710 Fax: (210) 444-1714 E-mail: idra@idra.org National Association of Blacks in Criminal Justice is a nonpartisan multi-ethnic professional association. It pursues the goal of improving the administration of justice at all levels of government. National Association of Blacks in Criminal Justice P.O. Box 19788 Durham, NC 27707 919 683-1801 Fax: 919-683-1903 http://www.nabcj.org/ E-mail: office@nabcj.org Program planners will find information on the National Child Care Association website concerning licensed, private childhood care and education programs. The site brings together childcare and education professionals. It offers an accreditation program that considers parental needs as well as the diversity in the child care community. National Child Care Association National Early Childhood Program Accreditation 1029 Railroad St. Conyers, GA 30207 1-800-543-7161 Fax: 770-388-7772 http://www.nccanet.org/ The National Black Child Development Institute's goal is to enhance life experiences for African-American children. The institute's efforts revolve around health, child welfare, education, and child care/early childhood education. Mother-child programs can use the institute's periodic reports that pertain to African-American children, policies and public education. National Black Child Development Institute 1023 15th St., N.W., Suite 600 Washington, DC 20005 202-387-1281 Fax: 202-234-1738 http://www.nbcdi.org The National Council of Jewish Women promotes equitable treatment and assistance for all ethnic groups, races, religions, and economic backgrounds. The organization supports advocacy, community service, education, and research. National Council of Jewish Women 53 West 23rd St. New York, NY 10010 212-645-4048 Fax: 212-645-7461 http://www.ncjw.org National Council of Las Raza advocates for improved conditions for Hispanic Americans and serves as a national umbrella organization. It also is affiliated with numerous community-based organizations that serve Hispanics in the United States and its territories. National Council of Las Raza 1111 19th St. NW, Suite 1000 Washington, DC 20036-4205 202-785-1670 Fax: 202-785-0851 http://www.nclr.org/ The National Indian Child Welfare Association focuses on Indian, child and family issues. NICWA's interests range from community development to networking between tribal members. This nonprofit is dedicated to improving quality of life for Native Americans. National Indian Child Welfare Association 3611 SW Hood Street, Suite 201 Portland, Oregon 97201 (503) 222-4044 Fax: (503) 222-4007 E-mail: info@nicwa.org Super Onda publishes a magazine that features resources, education and entertainment for Latino youth. Super Onda 425 Pine Ave. Santa Barbara, CA 93117 805-964-4554 805-964-6139 (fax) http://www.superonda.com E-mail: editorial@superonda.com Raza Review provides a variety of literature and arts subjects. Raza Review Published by: Chile con Queso Productions El Paso, TX 79901 http://www.razareview.com ---------------------------- Publications and References "Are Special Treatment Facilities for Female Alcoholics Needed? A Controlled 2-year Follow-up Study from a Specialized Female Unit (EWA) Versus a Mixed Male/Female Treatment Facility," L. Dahlgren and A. Willander. In Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research 13(4), 1989, pp. 499-504. And So I Began to Listen to Their Stories...Working with Women in the Criminal Justice System. S. Galbraith. Delmar, New York: Policy Research Inc., 1998. "Black Battered Women: A Review of the Empirical Literature," S.M. Coley and J.O. Beckett. Journal of Counseling and Development 66, 2988, pp. 266- 270. Black Women and Family Violence: A Guide for Service Providers, B. Rogers, M. Taylor, and G. McGee. [Available from the Minnesota Coalition for Battered Women, 450 N. Syndicate St. Suite 122, St. Paul, MN 55104; phone 651-646-6177.] Bouncing Back From Injury: How to Take Charge of Your Recuperation, Karen Klein with Hope, Carla Derrick. Prima Publishing & Communications, P.O. Box 1260BB, Rocklin, CA, 95677, 1988. Building and Sustaining Systems of Care for Substance-Using Pregnant Women and Their Infants: Lessons Learned. M.P. Lake and E. Hutchins. Arlington, VA: National Center for Education in Maternal and Child Health, 1995. "Challenges in Moving from a Traditional Therapeutic Community to a Women and Children's TC Model," V.B. Brown, S. Sanchez, J.E. Zweben, and T. Aly. In Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 28(1), 1996, pp. 39-46. "Cocaine-dependent Women Have Unique Treatment Needs," B. Daley and C. Przybycin. In Addiction Letter 5(10), 1989. "A Comparison of Programming for Women and Men in U.S. Prisons in the 1980s," M. Morash, , R.N. Haarr, and L. Ruckner. 1994. Crime and Delinquency, 402, 1994, pp. 197-221. Compelled to Crime: The Gender Entrapment of Battered Black Women, B. Richie New York, Routledge, 1996. Cultural Awareness in Human Services, 3rd. Ed. Green, J.W. 1999. Green. Boston: Allyn & Bacon, 1999. "A Descriptive Outline of a Program for Cocaine-Using Mothers and Their Babies," G. Walker, I. Eric, A. Pivnick, and E. Drucker. In C. Bepko, ed., Feminism and Addiction. Boston, New York: Allyn & Bacon Haworth Press, 1991. Designing without Glass Ceilings: An Examination of Trends and Opportunities in Designing Prisons for Women. Carter, S.A. 1998. In J.B. Morton, ed., Complex Challenges, Collaborative Solutions: Programming for Girls and Women in Corrections. Lanham, Maryland: American Correctional Association. pp 61-122. "Drug Misuse and Dependency in Women: The Meaning and Implications of Being Considered a Special Population or Minority Group," B.G. Reed. In the International Journal of the Addictions, 20, 1985, pp. 13-62. The Female Offender: Girls, Women, and Crime, M. Chesney-Lind. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 1997. Female Offenders: Critical Perspectives and Effective Interventions, R.T. Zaplin, ed. Gaithersburg, MD: Aspen Publishers, Inc., 1998. Feminism and Addiction, C. Bepko, ed. New York: The Haworth Press, 1991. Feminist Criminology: Thinking About Women and Crime. Chesney-Lind, M. and B. Bloom. 1997. In B.D. MacLean and D. Milanovic, eds. Thinking Critically About Crime. Vancouver: Collective Press. From Victims to Survivors to Offenders: Women's Routes of Entry and Immersion into Street Crime. Gilfus, M.E. 1992. Women and Criminal Justice. 41, 63-89. Gender and Justice; Women, Drugs, and Sentencing Policy. Mauer, Mark, Cathy Potler, and Richard Wolf. November 1999. The Sentencing Project. Washington D.C.: The Sentencing Project. Gender Differences in Drug Addiction and Treatment: Implications for Social Work Intervention with Substance-abusing Women. Nelson-Zlupko, L., E. Kaufman, and M.M. Dore. 1995. Social Work. 401, 45-54. Gender-specific Substance Abuse Treatment. Finkelstein, N., C. Kennedy, K. Thomas, and M. Kearns. 1997. Rockville, Maryland: National Women's Resource Center, Center for Substance Abuse Prevention. "Hard Time: The Stressful Nature of Incarceration for Women," C.I. Fogel. In Issues in Mental Health Nursing 14(4), 1993, pp. 367-377. Helping Women Recover: Creating Gender-Specific Treatment for Substance Abusing Women and Girls in Community Correctional Settings. Covington, S. S. 1998. Presentation to the ICCA Conference. In a Different Voice: Psychological Theory and Women's Development. Gilligan, C. 1982. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. The Invisible Woman; Gender, Crime, and Justice. Belknap, J. 1996. Contemporary Issues in Crime and Justice Series. Belmont, California: Wadsworth Publishing Company. "Life is a Song Worth Singing: Ending Violence in the Black Family," E.C. White. In M. Burns, ed., The Speaking Profits Us: Violence in the Lives of Women of Color. Seattle: Center for the Prevention of Sexual and Domestic Violence, 1986. "Perceptions of Available and Needed Programs by Female Offenders in Delaware," M. Miller. Wilmington, DE: Delaware Council on Crime and Justice, 1990. "Powerlessness-Liberation or Enslaving? Responding to the Feminist Critique of the Twelve Steps," D. Berenson. In C. Bepko, ed., Feminism and Addiction. New York: Haworth Press, 1991. Program to Provide Vocational Training to Limited English Speaking Adults in a Correctional Setting: An Exemplary Project in Vocational Education, Final Report, Lane Murray. Texas Dept. Of Corrections, Windham School System, Huntsville, Tx., sponsored by the Texas Education Agency, Dept. Of Occupational Education and Technology, Research Coordinating Unit, Austin Tx., 1981. "The Relational Model of Women's Psychological Development: Implications for Substance Abuse," S.S. Covington and J.L. Surrey. In S. Wilsnack and R. Wilsnack, eds., Gender and Alcohol: Individual and Social Perspectives. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers Center of Alcohol Studies, 1997. The Role of Gender in Engaging the Dually Diagnosed in Treatment. Watkins, K. E., A. Shaner, and G. Sullivan. 1999 April. Community Mental Health Journal. 35(2), 115-126. "Separate and Unequal: Women in the Federal Criminal Justice System". Coughenour, J.C. 1995. Federal Sentencing Reporter: Gender and Sentencing. 83, 142-144. Special Needs Offenders--Vocational Assessment: Handbook for the Corrections Department and Department of Vocational Rehabilitation Network, Jerry Sather. New Mexico Corrections Dept., Santa Fe, NM, sponsored by the U.S. Dept. Of Justice, National Institute of Corrections, Washington, DC, 1987. Special Population Challenge: Preserving Positive Outcomes for Women Clients, M.H. Bair. TIE Communique. Monitoring Treatment Outcomes and Managed Care. Promise and Challenge for the AOD Field, Fall 1998. The Status of Women in the States. Institute for Women's Policy Research. 1996. Washington D.C.: Institute for Women's Policy Research. "Tailoring Facility Programming to Suit Female Offenders' Needs". Carp, S. and L. Schade. 1992. Corrections Today. 54(6), 152-159. Toward a New Psychology of Women, J.B. Miller. Boston: Beacon Press, 1986. "What About the Kids? Parenting Issues in Sentencing". Wald, P.M. 1995. Federal Sentencing Reporter: Gender and Sentencing. 83, 137-141. A Woman's Way Through the Twelve Steps. Covington, S.S. 1994. Center City, Minnesota: Hazelden Educational Materials. Women and Power, J.B. Miller. Work in Progress, No. 82-01. Wellesley, MA: Stone Center Working Paper Series, 1982. Women of Color: Integrating Ethnic and Gender Identities in Psychotherapy, L. Comas-Diaz and B. Greene. New York: The Guilford Press, 1994. Women's Bodies, Women's Wisdom, C. Northrup. New York: Bantam Books, 1994. "Women's Prisons: Overcrowded and Overused". Immarigeon, R. and M. Chesney-Lind. 1993. In R. Muraskin and T. Alleman, eds. It's A Crime: Women and Justice. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Regents/Prentice Hall. Pp.245-257. Young Black Americans and the Criminal Justice System: Five Year Later, M. Mauer and T. Huling. Washington, DC: The Sentencing Project, October 1995. ---------------------------- V. Educational Resources Mother-child programs help mothers acquire basic educational skills and a General Equivalency Degree as well as vocational training. Most agencies begin by looking for existing local organizations where women can get help with literacy and be prepared to take the GED test. There is usually an office or college that administers the GED test. Test results can take up to six weeks and obtaining the certificate upon passing can take longer. Some mother-child programs have also arranged for continuing or higher education for women at local and community colleges. Scholarships and other special programs for disadvantaged students can be accessed by actively engaging leaders at the college level. For Female Offenders and their Children With respect to vocational education, mother-child programs find that few of their residents have ever been given vocational training that equips them to procure and retain employment. Women need assistance in selecting what type of vocational training they should take. Some careers require licensing, and there may be additional requirements for an ex-offender to get an occupational license. A number of vocational training programs are available through employment training programs, apprenticeships, and employers. Mother-child programs should seek the assistance of workforce development professionals who specialize in offender job placement and training for specific assistance in their communities. Education for children often revolves around early childhood, head start, preschools and elementary school placements. Most programs need assistance with special education, learning disabilities and parent-child learning activities. Public and Educational Resources The following resources include governmental, education, non-profit and for- profit sources of funding, technical assistance, information, advocacy and curriculum. Training and staff development are also significant areas covered. ---------------------------- U.S. Department of Agriculture--$, TA, RE provides a wide array of educational support services. For more information, see the listed websites. The Extension Service provides newsletters, training, publications on child care, education and a wide variety of skills related to child health and nutrition. Cooperative State Research Education and Extension Service U.S. Department of Agriculture Washington, DC 20250-0900 202-720-3029 Fax: 202-690-0289 http://www.reeusda.gov/ http://www.usda.gov/news/howto/howto.htm> Council for Exceptional Children: Division for Early Childhood--RE provides research, training conferences, and general advocacy to families with young children up to age 8. This non-profit organization focuses on those with disabilities and developmental delays who are at risk for future developmental problems. Division for Early Childhood 1380 Lawrence Street, Suite 650 Denver, CO 80204 303-556-3328 303- 556-3310 (fax) E-mail: dec@ceo.cudenver.edu http://www.dec-sped.org The CYFERNET--RE web page provides listings of Land Grant Universities, which provide research, technical assistance and events of interest to children, their caregivers and professionals. It also provides low-cost and no cost long distance learning information. CYFERNET 612-626-1111 http://www.cyfc.umn.edu E-mail: cyftalk@extension.umn.edu The Institute for Community Inclusion--TA is an academic partnership to sustain resources and assistance for persons with disabilities and their families. Training is geared to building individual interdependence, productivity, and inclusion in school and community settings. Resources for mother-child programs include the Center on Promoting Employment and a national Rehabilitation Research and Training Center. Institute for Community Inclusion Children's Hospital 300 Longwood Avenue Boston, Massachusetts 02115 617- 355-6506 617-355-7940 (fax) TDD: (617) 355-6956-6956 Email: ici@a1.tch.harvard.edu This site links to new information about the U.S. Dept. of Education--$, TA. Also there is information about educational software and bulletins from the Office of Educational Research & Improvement. U.S. Department of Education 400 Maryland Avenue, S.W. Washington, D.C. 20202 202-219-154 http://www.ed.gov/ E-mail: inetmgr@inet.ed.gov Student Guide, Department of Education--$, TA, RE provides information about Pell Grants for covering the cost of secondary education for certain students. A recent law suspends aid eligibility for students convicted under federal or state law of sale or possession of drugs. If you have a conviction or convictions for these offenses, call 1-800-4-FED-AID (1-800-433-3243) to find out how, or if, this law applies to you. You can regain eligibility early by successfully completing an approved drug rehabilitation program. According to Sec 401(b)(8) of the Higher Education Act of 1965, as amended 20U.S.C. 1070a(b)(8), persons in prison are not eligible. A person in a halfway house or those under city or county jurisdiction are not prohibited from receiving federal Pell Grants. Student Guide, Dept. of Education 400 Maryland Avenue, SW Washington, DC 20202 1-800-4-FED-AID http://www.ed.tov E-mail: inetmgr@inet.ed.gov The Department of Education--TA has an information and Consumers Branch known as OERI. An electronic bulletin board operates by calling 800-222- 4922. National Library of Education 555 New Jersey Avenue NW Washington, D.C.20208-5721 800-USA-Learn or 800-424-1616 http://www.ed.gov/offices/OERI/ E-mail: Library@inet.ed.gov Department of Education, Office of Correctional Education--$, TA provides information, funding, assistance and training for youthful offenders. Office of Correctional Education USDOED/OVAE/DNP 330 C Street S.W. Washington, DC 20202-7242 202-260-7007 202-401-2615 (fax) http://www.ed.gov.offices/OVAE Department of Education Special Education and Rehabilitative Services--$, TA provides information, funding, technical assistance and training. Assistant Secretary for Special Education and Rehabilitative Services Mary E. Switzer Building 330 C Street S.W. Washington, DC 20202 202-205-5465 or 202-205-5507 http://www.ed.gov.offices/OSERS Department of Education Vocational and Adult Education--$, TA provides information, funding, assistance and training. Assistant Secretary for Vocational and Adult Education Mary E. Switzer Building 330 C Street S.W. Washington, DC 20202 202-205-5451 http://www.ed.gov.offices/OVAE Department of Special Education, University of Maryland--RE, TA educates future professionals working with children with disabilities. Department of Special Education College of Education University of Maryland College Park, MD 20742 301-405-6489 http://www.education.umd.edu/EDSP/ The National Early Childhood Technical Assistance System--TA at the Frank Porter Graham Child Development Center helps state and local jurisdictions coordinate and develop multidisciplinary, culturally diverse and comprehensive services for children with special needs, birth through age 8 years, and their families. Frank Porter Graham Child Development Center University of North Carolina 500 NationsBank Plaza 137 E. Franklin Street Chapel Hill, NC 27514 (919) 962-2001 or 966-4041 (TDD) Fax: 919-966-7463 http://www.nectas.unc.edu E-mail: nectasta.nectas@mhs.unc.edu Office of Job Training and Placement, National Institute of Corrections--TA offers assistance and training for correctional professionals, employment specialists and educators working with offenders. Office of Job Training and Placement National Institute of Corrections 320 First Street, NW, Room 200 Washington, DC 20534 800-995-6423 Ext. 44278 E-mail: jemoore@bop.gov http://www.nicic.org ---------------------------- Non-profit and Private Learning Resources The world of private resources related to education focuses on several areas: early education, children and adults with special needs, adult education, vocational education and career development. In addition to the resources listed here, there are college and university educational programs, many of which can be accessed through the USDA Cooperative Extension Service and Cyfernet, referenced above. There are advocacy groups for many of the special topics as well as professional development, training and curriculum for female offenders and their children. This grouping focuses on advocacy groups for many of the topics as well as professional development. ---------------------------- Association for Library Service to Children supports children's librarian professionals by developing new ways of introducing children to library materials and reviewing current selection of library materials. The web site contains links for children's enrichment web sites as well as publication, product, and resource lists for parents and teachers. Association for Library Service to Children ALSC Office 50 E. Huron St. Chicago, IL 60611 800-545-2433, ext. 2163 http://www.ala.org/alsc E-mail: alsc@ala.org Special Educational Needs--Children and Adults with Attention Deficit Disorders is a resource for information, education and advocacy. Mother-child program planners can gain assistance in this area from this group. CHADD 8181 Professional Place, Suite 201 Landover, MD 20785 800-233-4050 or 301-306-7070 Fax: 301-306-7090 http://www.chadd.org Children's Resources International is a source of training, curriculum guides and activities for teachers, caregivers and mother-child professionals. Children's Resources International, Inc 5039 Connecticut Ave, N.W. Suite 1 W