THIS PAPER WAS A CONTRIBUTION TO THE FOURTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM OF COMPARATIVE CRIMINOLOGY, WHICH WAS HELD IN MONTREAL, CANADA IN 1974. THE VALUES AND PRACTICES WHICH ARE SUGGESTED BY THE PAPER TO CHARACTERIZE POLICE SUBCULTURES ARE A SOLIDARITY OF GROUP MEMBERS, A MENTALITY OF SUSPICION, AND A CONSERVATISM IN MORALITY AND POLITICS. OTHER CHARACTERISTICS ARE A RELUCTANCE TO DIVULGE INFORMATION ABOUT THEIR WORK TO OUTSIDERS OR SUPERIORS, AND THE USE OF DELIBERATE RUSES TO CONTROL SITUATIONS WHERE THEY LACK LEGAL AUTHORITY. THESE CHARACTERISTICS ARE NOT UNIVERSAL, HOWEVER, AND DEPEND ON SUCH FACTORS AS THE TYPE OF SOCIETY, THE ORGANIZATION OF THE POLICE, AND THE ATTITUDES OF THE PUBLIC. POLICE SUBCULTURES ARE MORE LIKELY TO FORM IN SOCIETIES WHERE VALUES ARE FRAGMENTED THAN IN SOCIETIES WHERE THERE IS A GENERAL CONSENSUS ABOUT VALUES AND NORMS. IN A FRAGMENTED SOCIETY POLICE ARE GIVEN THE ADDITIONAL ROLE OF REINTEGRATING ROLES WHICH HAVE BEEN SEPARATED BY OTHER SOCIAL FORCES. --IN FRENCH