Prerelease measures are designed to prepare ex-offenders for freedom and to guarantee them means of living a stable life (i.e., housing, a job). Prerelease services are directed by the Ministry of Interior Affairs and put into effect by the correctional establishments. The section chiefs, the educators directly in contact with prisoners, prisoners' personalities, and their needs and problems are important elements in the preparation programs. Psychological preparation for release begins three months before release and teaches individuals methods for resolving problems. Preparation usually involves discussions on future prospects and difficulties, family relationships, the need to continue vocational training, types of friends, use of free time, and similar subjects. Group discussions are intended to stimulate inmates' interest in the future and to encourage resolution of problems. The first step of inmate preparation is attitude formation, followed by personality modification. Special courses are devoted to Soviet law, citizens' responsibilities, and the principles of family life. Inmates released conditionally or placed under administrative supervision must be informed of the conditions of their release or supervision and the consequences of violating those terms. Releasees may require aid in finding jobs and housing. The negative attitude of employers toward exconvicts is undesirable, as the negativism may convince exconvicts that it is impossible for them to enter the realm of the honest citizen. A 14-item bibliography is supplied.