A guardian ad litem is appointed by the court to ensure that a hearing judgment is in the best interests of the child. Guardian ad litem functions include ascertaining the facts in an abuse and neglect case, interviewing and observing the child, interviewing witnesses and the parents, interviewing and cross-examining witnesses, recommending actions to the court, and participating in all proceedings pertaining to the child. Some States have established enforceable standards for guardians ad litem by codifying their powers and duties. Payment may be conditioned upon adequate representation. Studies have shown that when a court acts on the recommendations of a guardian ad litem, there is a five times greater likelihood parents will comply with a treatment plan. The child is also more likely to receive treatment and quality placements in cases involving guardians ad litem. The National Association of Counsel for Children has developed guidelines (included here) for what evidence the court should expect as a measure of the adequacy of the overall case preparation and for what constitutes competent representation by a guardian ad litem. 6 references.