Case examples are provided to illustrate problems arising from the unavailability of specialized programs and facilities; failure to identify and provide early intervention for sexual deviance; the revolving-door syndrome, additional sexual aggression during institutionalization; and lack of recognition of the relationship among deviant fantasies, learning, and the offense. It is suggested that etiological factors require elucidation. These include analyses of the role of parental bonding, social skill deficiencies, sexual development self-concept, and moral and social values. Additional theories in need of research validation include those relating to sex offender deviant cycles, arousal patterns, criminal history and careers, pornography and violence, and media influences. Finally, research into the efficacy of treatment strategies, such as aversive and behavior therapy, is needed. Such research can provide directions for treatment of the adoledcent sex offender and related social issues. 23 references.