Of the 66 programs identified by respondents, only 5 had completed evaluations of program effectiveness. The most frequently identified programs were specialized secure treatment programs for juvenile violent and sex offenders, wilderness programs, educational programs, and family treatment programs. Typical rationales cited for selecting these programs as models included innovation, provision of alternative treatment, and effectiveness. Restitution programs had served the greatest number of youth at the least cost. Family treatment, community-based treatment, wilderness programs, and prerelease and aftercare programs also were relatively inexpensive. The most expensive programs were secure treatment of violent juveniles, positive peer culture programs, and behavior modification and differential treatment. The majority of model programs were relatively short in duration (1-6 months). Of the five programs that had conducted evaluations, only two demonstrated effectiveness through statistical analysis, high internal validity, and reduced recidivism. 1 note.