Although these two dimensions were hypothesized to be converging indicators of the institutionality of a setting, the findings indicated that they are only marginally related. More hierarchical models of decisionmaking were not associated with more depersonalized, isolating programming, and involvement of residents and line staff in decisionmaking did not covary with autonomy and personalization in programming. The results are discussed as evidence that institutionality is a multidimensional construct, and that future investigations must distinguish between organizational decisionmaking and characteristics of treatment program design when assessing the institutional quality of residential service settings. (Author abstract)