The special health care needs of female inmates pose a challenge for the correctional system. Because correctional health care services have largely focused on the male inmate. such specialty services as gynecological services, health education, and services relating to childbearing and parenting often are unavailable. Lack of qualified professional personnel, resources, poor working conditions, and institutionalization of existing health care delivery services have compounded the problem. If the correctional system is to face the challenge posed by female inmates' health issues, there is a need for communication between and education of the correctional and health care components within an institution to prevent conflict and improve teamwork. Increased utilization of nursing personnel can fill gaps in health care services and contribute to a prevention-oriented approach to health care. Finally, community resources, including practicum students, can be used to provide education, counseling, and self-assessment. 9 references.