Over the past 4 years, Maryland correctional legislation has focused on prison overcrowding, new prison construction, and improvement in prison conditions. Although prison populations are apparently leveling off, the correctional system is likely to receive continued attention as issues such as privatization, inmate rehabilitation, and inmate medical care are given further consideration. After reviewing prison planning and construction for the Eastern Correctional Institution, the Baltimore Maximum Security Facility, and the Correctional Institution for Women, the article reviews the work of various correctional task forces and committees. They address correctional rehabilitation, mentally ill offenders, prison overcrowding, and conditions at the Maryland Penitentiary and the Maryland House of Correction. Appendixes contain data on the 1966-86 prison population and capacity and use by institution.