Theories which stress lifestyle, routine activities, or vulnerability are discussed in terms of their assumptions and the intervention strategies they suggest. An alternative perspective is proposed which synthesizes the notions of lifestyle and vulnerability using the concept of life chances. This concept draws on Weber and was suggested in another context by Darendorf (1979). Longitudinal data from the National Crime Survey is then presented in terms of the relative size of different victim populations. Bibliography and data tables. (Author abstract modified)