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DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid): The New Fingerprints

NCJ Number
111064
Journal
ABA Journal Volume: 74 Dated: (May 1, 1988) Pages: 66-70
Author(s)
D C Moss
Date Published
1988
Length
5 pages
Annotation
This article reviews the alleged benefits and disadvantages of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) typing to identify persons from samples of their blood, semen, hair, and skin; summarizes cases in which such typing has been used; and outlines some of the arguments against DNA typing as a means of identification.
Abstract
The test, developed by British geneticist Alec Jeffreys, exposes the distinctive characteristics of a person's DNA, which carries the genetic information that determines individual characteristics such as eye color and body size. Supporters of the test claim it can identify a suspect with virtual certainty, that it can use specimens which have dried and aged, that it does not rely on antigens in the semen, and that it is superior to traditional methods for identifying persons from blood and hair samples. Some drawbacks in DNA typing are that moisture and bacteria degrade DNA, requiring that crime-scene samples be air-dried and refrigerated. Another disadvantage is that the sample must be sufficiently large for the testing to yield results. Some critics are urging caution in the use of DNA typing, arguing that independent research is needed to validate claims and that DNA typing has great potential for violating citizens' privacy.