Following a policy of deinstitutionalization, Bermuda has tried to move its mental citizens out of mental hospitals and into the community for treatment. Most of the mentally ill have become permanent prison residents. When 135 prison residents were surveyed and diagnosed for mental illness, it was found that 5 percent were in need of inpatient treatment and 14 percent required outpatient treatment. A prison psychologist was hired in 1986 to develop a comprehensive plan for the treatment of mentally-ill prisoners. As a part of that plan, prison officers now carry out counseling duties as case managers for patients in treatment. While the new treatment plan concept has shown positive results, the problem of prisoners who are social misfits or constant repeat offenders still remains. The Bermuda Prison Service acknowledges that hospital and prison-based therapeutic services will not be fully effective until there is sufficient aftercare for inmates in halfway houses and hostels.