This study concludes that neurological disabilities, such as mental retardation, cerebral palsy, and epilepsy, can contribute significantly to intrafamilial stress, although their subtle effects may be overlooked in interventions. A discussion of the physiological modulators of aggression considers genetic influences, age, and gender. A review of the 'anatomy' of aggression focuses on 'angry' aggression, 'predatory' aggression, and compulsive violence. An analysis of the episodic dyscontrol syndrome and its relationship to family violence describes the syndrome as 'recurrent attacks of rage without adequate provocation and usually out of character.' The neurobiological correlates and causes of this syndrome are discussed. Other neurological disorders examined in relation to aggression and family violence are minimal brain dysfunction and attention deficit disorder, temporal lobe epilepsy, and head injury. The biosocial roots of domestic violence are also discussed. The concluding section notes the importance of both neurological and psychosocial diagnoses and treatments in addressing family violence. Early intervention in childhood aggression is also recommended. 44 references.