Urgently needed are prevention programs that influence diverse populations (e.g., men and women, Blacks and Hispanics). Effective AIDS prevention programs and research must draw from promising programs for other health areas (e.g., smoking prevention, prevention of teenage pregnancy). AIDS prevention programs aimed at adolescents should (a) use an expanded cognitive-social learning theory perspective, (b) consider level of intervention and the unit of analysis (e.g., individuals, networks, organizations, and communities), (c) recognize differing goals of primary and secondary prevention, and (d) use social marketing methods in tailoring programs to subgroups. (Author abstract)