Dr. Arnold Goldstein, director of the Center for Research on Aggression at Syracuse University, reported that aggression is largely a learned behavior that children observe and experience at home, at school, and in the media. Dr. Lynn Lightfoot, regional director of the Addiction Research Foundation in Kingston, Ontario, indicated that long-term studies show that chronic alcohol use leads to psychotic behavior, including violence. Chris Webster, head of the Department of Psychology and Research at the Clarke Institute of Psychiatry in Toronto, stated that substances don't directly cause violent behavior but rather reduce a person's control over violent tendencies. Other topics discussed by speakers at the symposium were the impact of violence on its victims, the meaning of violence in sports, sexual violence against children, and future directions for addressing the problem of violence.