These efforts are linked to the perception that we need to increase both the level of control over juvenile offenders 'at risk' in the community and the degree of accountability by decision makers for individual placement decisions. The recent development of objective classification systems represents one possible model for structured decision making. We identify three types of classification (i.e. classification for risk, treatment, and control) and analyze their potential utilization by juvenile justice decision makers. We then discuss the Massachusetts Department of Youth Service's decision model for classifying youths for placement in secure and nonsecure settings. Two unique characteristics of that system - the dominance of private sector service providers and DYS's unsurpassed discretionary authority in handling offenders perpetuate an ongoing struggle for the State in making rational, consistent decisions. Recommendations for continued development of comprehensive classification systems are also offered. (Author abstract)