The exchange-social control theory proposed by Gelles is expanded using Foa's interpersonal resource theory. Foa classifies interpersonal resources involved in interpersonal transactions. Using the work of both Gelles and Foa, predictions are made on situations in which family violence as a mode of resource exchange is likely to occur. Suggested interventions by clinicians and other professionals who encounter family violence cases are noted. The authors indicate that interpersonal resource classification may provide a systematic framework for analyzing individual and family needs for interpersonal resources, patterns of exchange relationships among family members, and intervention modalities. 49 references, 1 table, 1 figure. (Author abstract modified)