The sample included 40 abused children and 44 nonabused children who witnessed parental violence and who were temporary residents of a battered women's shelter, along with 66 comparison children. Mothers completed a behavior problem inventory, while children responded to paper-and-pencil self-report measures. Study findings showed that abused children who witnessed parental violence manifested significantly more distress on the behavior problem measure than comparison children. Adjustment was influenced by the type of behavior assessed, forms of violence children experienced, and children's age. Implications of the study's differential findings are discussed. 32 references, 2 tables, 1 figure. (Author abstract modified)