Thus, corrections officials deny ever having encountered an offender who could not be rehabilitated and regard recidivism as failures of the correctional system rather than as cases of individual intractability. Therefore, the correctional system remolds offenders by combining productive labor with education and political training. Recidivism is estimated at 3 to 5 percent for adults and 8 percent for juveniles. In addition, the basic belief that minor deviance leads to major deviance underlies the active role taken by family, neighbors, workmates, teachers, and local officials in controlling individual behavior. These approaches are used both for juvenile and adult offenders.