The study is set in the theoretical context of three technologies of probation and parole. The first, associated with the goals of retribution, deterrence, and incapacitation, is a behavior controlling technology involving deprivation of liberty. The second, associated with the goal of rehabilitation, is a mental health technology that relies on personal communication and emphasizes attitudinal or personal change. The third, also associated with rehabilitation, is an environmental manipulation technology that focuses on changing certain negative environmental conditions to benefit the offender. The study involved random observations of the work situation and the use of pre-established categories of activity descriptions. Activities were classified according to the three technologies. The study determined that individual officers differed in the degree of time they devoted to the implementation of the three technologies, and those individual differences were not randomly distributed across offices. Implications of the findings are drawn for the study and management of probation and parole. 1 note, discussion questions.