Close to 16,480 of the 23,023 receptions in 1987-88 had served less than 1 year and been released. Average times served for offenses such as homicide and robbery do not differ much by sex. Generally, however, time served by female offenders is less than that served by males for similar offenses, except for "good order" offenses and drug possession. In most offending categories, those serving a repeat prison term will serve more than first-termers. Aborigines are overrepresented in prison receptions in every offense category, particularly the less serious offenses and those incurring the shortest sentences. Australian States vary significantly in their use of imprisonment. Most were sent to prison for burglary, theft, and traffic offenses. Murderers serve an average of over 10 years in prison, followed by long periods under community supervision. 7 tables, 8 references.