The large, shaggy Bouviers have an excellent reputation as watchdogs, having courage, strength, and an ability to withstand weather changes. Bouviers have a particularly powerful bite, and although they are difficult to train, once trained, they do not forget their conditioning. A 1982 Canadian study included a survey of 185 police K-9 units to determine their assessments of nine breeds. The Bouvier was rated sixth after the German Shepherd, black Labrador Retriever, Giant Schnauzer, Rottweiler, and Doberman. The Bouvier was given high marks in the areas of adaptability to climate, stamina, and loyalty. Ratings were low in emotional stability, olfactory capabilities, retrieval instincts, and appearance. The Bouvier is particularly effective in situations where a nonthreatening, defensive capability is required. A Belgian K-9 expert estimates that approximately 20 percent of the Bouvier breeds are suitable for complete police work, although Bouvier must be thoroughly tested before it is selected for such work.