Add your conference to our Justice Events calendar

PUBLICATIONS

Stay Informed
Register with NCJRS to receive NCJRS's biweekly e-newsletter JUSTINFO and additional periodic emails from NCJRS and the NCJRS federal sponsors that highlight the latest research published or sponsored by the Office of Justice Programs.

NCJRS Abstract

The document referenced below is part of the NCJRS Virtual Library collection. To conduct further searches of the collection, visit the Virtual Library. See the Obtain Documents page for direction on how to access resources online, via mail, through interlibrary loans, or in a local library.

1 record(s) found

NCJ Number:	122847

Title:	Aloha from 'Ice'land

Journal:	Law and Order Volume:37 Issue:12 Dated:(December 1989) Pages:55-57

Author(s):	S Albrecht

Date Published:	1989

Annotation:	A new and deadly form of crystal methamphetamine -- called "ice," "crystals," or "batu" -- is surfacing in Hawaii and spreading to the rest of the U.S.

Abstract:	Unlike other forms of methamphetamine, ice is 98 to 100 percent pure; the Drug Enforcement Agency is still trying to analyze the crystallization process used by drug labs in Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore. Although ice use is already epidemic in Hawaii, it has also reached California, Texas, Arizona, and Florida. Because ice is smoked in glass pipes and the smoke absorbed quickly through the lungs, the effects on the user can be unpredictable. Burning ice is odorless. Drug users are switching to ice because it is cheaper than cocaine and offers a longer high than crack -- up to 14 hours. Ice is more addictive than heroin and the depression it causes can last for several days after ingestion. Prolonged use will damage the lungs, liver, and kidneys, while psychological effects include psychosis, insomnia, anxiety, depression, fatigue, toxic psychosis, and delusions. Withdrawal symptoms include, inter alia, acute depression and fatigue, irritability, restlessness, tremors, delirium, panic, irregular heartbeats, convulsions, coma, and even death. Police officers can spot ice users by their blown pupils, rapid heart and respiratory rates, and hoarse voice as well as their paranoia, lack of sleep, and weight loss. Currently distributed in Hawaii by splinter groups of a Filipino gang, ice will probably gain prominence among mainland drug users as well.

Main Term(s):	Designer drugs; Drug law offenses

Index Term(s):	Controlled Substances; Drug abuse; Drug manufacturing; Hawaii

Sponsoring Agency:	National Institute of Justice/ Rockville, MD 20849 NCJRS Photocopy Services Rockville, MD 20849-6000

Sale Source:	National Institute of Justice/ NCJRS paper reproduction Box 6000, Dept F Rockville, MD 20849 United States of America NCJRS Photocopy Services Box 6000 Rockville, MD 20849-6000 United States of America

Page Count:	3

Format:	Article

Type:	Issue Overview

Language:	English

Country:	United States of America



	To cite this abstract, use the following link: http://www.ncjrs.gov/App/publications/abstract.aspx?ID=122847

*A link to the full-text document is provided whenever possible. For documents not available online, a link to the publisher's website is provided. Tell us how you use the NCJRS Library and Abstracts Database - send us your feedback.

PUBLICATIONS

NCJRS Abstract

Find in a Library