Also included is research related to child abuse/neglect and adult criminality. The review addresses some possible theoretical reasons for a linkage between child maltreatment and serious juvenile delinquency and discusses some of the methodological problems inherent in these studies. Future research issues are identified. The review concludes that research tends to support a link between abuse and neglect as a child and violent delinquency and adult criminality. There is no evidence, however, that abuse or neglect causes delinquency or criminality, particularly violent delinquency. The data suggest at least three possible explanations for the link between abuse/neglect and delinquency/criminality. Social learning theory suggests that the process of being abused or neglected contributes to the likelihood a child will develop aggressive behaviors. The social system's response to the abused/neglected child may also contribute to the development of violent behavior. Additionally, the cultural reinforcement of violence may be the link to violent delinquency. 5 footnotes, 62 references.