The social justice model focuses on the division of benefits and the allocation of burdens in society and emphasizes the improvement of social conditions through the empowerment of communities. In contrast, the social control model focuses on organized responses designed to stop or prevent problem behavior by individuals or groups. This model regards communities as deviant or potentially deviant and emphasizes the introduction and extension of more coercive measures. The two models involve different assumptions, ideologies, and values and lead to different forms of community involvement. Thus, the probation service needs to understand clearly its goals and practices and recognize how they influence society and probation work. Chart, note, and 54 references.