Lower-caste groups and poorer people pass from childhood to adulthood without experiencing the distinctive activities and excitement of youth. Similarly, for women burdened with household chores and long hours of work, the period of youth activities is shorter than for men. The number of educated youth have been increasing in India at a fast rate since independence; however, problems such as unemployment and student unrest are increasing, although the government is attempting to address these problems. Drug addiction is a problem among youth, and illiteracy has not been eradicated, even though the government is allocating massive amounts of money to adult and continuing education programs. In the urban areas, juvenile delinquency has increased. Young Indian women face particular difficulties, with the dowry problem being among the most serious. Indian leaders have recognized youth as a force and as a social category, and the government is attempting to involve youth in national development. 86 notes.