For this reason, a study was initiated to investigate policies and practices associated with the use of MPSO's across a sample of probation areas in England and Wales. The primary goal was to investigate inconsistencies in MPSO administration from the probation perspective. A sample of chief probation officers was asked to detail MPSO policies in their areas, and another sample of senior probation officers was requested to supply information on MPSO operations. Study results revealed a considerable amount of confusion in the use of MPSO's. Where probation officers gave a high priority to MPSO's, their major argument was that the order represented an alternative to custody. Offenders supervised under MPSO's were remarkably similar to those who tended to be given probation orders (young adults and females). The research demonstrates a policy vacuum with regard to MPSO's in many probation areas, and this is reflected in wide variations in practice. The findings raise serious questions about efficiency and effectiveness and the probation service's role in MPSO use. 21 references, 6 tables.