The first data were collected in prisons in 1962-63, and the offenders' criminal data have been followed in the years since. Only about one-fifth of the men were never charged with another offense. On the average, the offenders were in the community for 21 years after prison release and arrested more than once every 3 years. Nearly one-third were confined again within a year. The analysis did not support the incapacitation proposals, because they involved both technical and ethical problems. However, it did indicate that the prison population could be reduced without endangering the public through a policy of selective deinstitutionalization based on the identification of low-risk, low-stakes offenders. Footnotes and attached tables and figures