Although well-controlled empirical research in this area is sparse, three characteristics contribute to the heightened risk of handicapped children: disruptions in the formation of caregiver-infant attachments; increased stress, often related to behavior problems and extensive care requirements; and increased vulnerability. Because of the complexity of child abuse and neglect in general and maltreatment of children with handicaps in particular, it is critical that a multidimensional assessment be carried out. This assessment should address many areas of functioning, such as the child's medical, psychiatric, and academic status. Likewise, family functioning, parental psychopathology, and parenting skills need to be closely examined. It is essential that treatment strategies stem from such an assessment, but one treatment approach cannot be used with such a heterogenous population. A mutlicomponent intervention is recommended that employs skill-based strategies designed to remediate several areas of need. Supportive counseling and other forms of psychotherapy may be required in conjunction with the overall approach. Although most children with handicaps develop atypically, issues of developmental level and functioning are critical in carrying out the treatment plan. 38 references