It describes the static management of household registration by the PCS and the need to change to a more proactive form of policing and crime control. The modernization theory is then presented to explain the increase in crime and the need for crime and social control. The content of the PCS reform includes the workers picket team, joint defense team, chief responsibility systems, and empowerment of the PCS. It then presents the view that an estrangement between the police and the public rather than the social disorganization caused by modernization accounts for the PCS reform. The reform implied a transformation of Chinese social control from the control of the mind to that of the body and indicates a decline of the State power. 20 references (Author abstract modified)