Using Bitzer's research from public health and allied fields, the authors identify culturally-based experiences and attitudes that health educators must integrate into AIDS prevention campaigns for black youth. Framing messages to encourage protection requires understanding receivers' images of protection. Black students may have more fears and misconceptions about AIDS than their white counterparts. Further, evidence suggests that lifestyle and attitudes toward life position can be extremely important in shaping one's predisposition toward preventive behavior. Although approaches to sexuality differ significantly between adolescence and adulthood, they also differ for individuals with different cultural experiences. The reality that sexual encounters of adolescents do not follow rational patterns compounds the problem of contraceptive use. Varied elements associated with the health and sexual experiences of black teenagers present challenges to researchers and educators in designing AIDS education programs. Educators must be concerned with messages that empower adolescents to practice risk prevention. Programs are needed to help youth develop the social skills to resist strong pressures exerted by peers who may be drug users or potential sex partners. Countering feelings of helplessness and promoting self-esteem are also essential. Educational and research objectives focused on black youth in urban areas are noted. 48 references (Author abstract modified)