The comparison was limited with no basis for comparing cost-effectiveness, program effectiveness, treatment standards, or other criteria of quality. However, some conclusions can be drawn. The treatment system in Quebec is marked by significant private sector involvement, characterized by fee-for-service programs and larger facilities providing a continuum of care. The programs in Ontario tend to be smaller and more specialized within the treatment continuum. The findings reveal a higher rate of participation in outpatient, day treatment, and short-term residential programs in Quebec. 1 table, 6 notes, and 14 references (Author abstract modified)