On the basis of previous research, a causal model that includes a number of control factors is developed and tested. Prior criminal victimization of the household was the only factor that was a significant predictor of the presence of a handgun. Interestingly, fear of rape had a negative, although not statistically significant, association with handgun possession, indicating that the presence of the weapon may reduce fear. Further implications are also discussed. Data were collected using a mail survey of Louisiana residents. 2 figures, 3 tables, and 24 references (Author abstract)