In the short history of Yugoslav criminology, the period between 1955 and 1975 is considered the golden age because the foundations for criminology as an independent field of study evolved. During that time, M. Milutinovic, professor of law at the University of Belgrad, significantly advanced the study of criminology through his numerous publications. Milutinovic may be considered as a member of the Neo-Socialist School because his ideals are founded on historical materialism and written for a socialist country, yet free from the propaganda that distinguishes the classical socialist schools. At the same time, Milutinovic was influenced by North American theories dealing with the influence of social systems, subcultures, and social conflicts on offenders. In the epidemiology of crime, Milutinovic does not support the existence of a criminal psyche, he acknowledges the role of psychological factors in an offense. Since 1975 the evolution of criminology in Yugoslavia has been delayed by political and economic unrest so that Milutinovic's achievement has maintained its eminent position in the field. Short bibliography included.