Treatment methods include biological and organic treatments with hormones or other methods, group therapies, family therapy, and behavioral treatment. Although the studies have methodological problems, they show relatively low recidivism rates. Further research should use long-term follow-up periods, because the data indicate that the longer the follow-up period the more likely the offender is to recidivate. In addition, research should focus on which types of treatment are most effective for certain client characteristics. Finally, program planning should recognize the need for a continuum care, including follow-up services and long-term legal monitoring to ensure compliance with therapeutic directives. 39 references (Author abstract modified)