The measurement strategy was based on a reconceptualization of deterrence. The survey was conducted by means of telephone interviews of adult couples in the summer and early fall of 1986 and 1987. The survey participants were asked to estimate the likelihood of assault costs (i.e., those resulting from the perpetration of assaultive acts against partners) compared to arrest costs (i.e., those resulting from an arrest for such behavior). Social costs included the loss of attachments, loss of respect from significant others, and loss of self- respect. The preliminary findings were consistent with the view that perceived arrest costs, more than assault costs, significantly influence the deterrence process, at least for this type of illegal behavior. Tables, notes, and 33 references