The first section discusses negligence, intentional torts, agency, contracts, alarms, and damages. Some types of negligence covered here include duty, negligent hiring, negligent training, negligent use of weapons, and failure or omission. Intentional torts ranges from assault and battery to false arrest and imprisonment, defamation, malicious prosecution, and intrusive investigation. Issues related to agency include relationship, control, scope of employment, and vicarious liability. The cases relevant to alarms deal with limitation on liability clauses, gross negligence, willful or wanton misconduct, and consumer protection. Ruling related to damages can include compensatory or actual damages, comparative/contributory negligence, and mitigation of damages. The second part of the case book explores issues related to authority of the private citizen (State commission, limitation on State authority), probable cause (standards of probable cause, probable cause as affirmative defense), arrest by private citizens, search and seizure by private citizens, interrogation by private citizens, use of force by private citizens, deprivation of rights, and entrapment. 9 appendixes