From the perspective of the insurance adjuster who undertakes a fire investigation on behalf of an insurer, there are certain indicators that establish the fire to be arson or raise this suspicion. The author provides a partial list of 24 such indicators. They include the presence of incendiary devices or materials; more than one point of origin or unconnected fires; the owner's recent purchase of or increase in insurance; prior or habitual fires; fires that occur shortly before insurance policy expiration; and fires that destroy obsolete, unsalable, or unusable property. From the perspective of the attorney who is defending an insurance company against failure to pay the insured based on attempted arson fraud, the author lists six categories of evidence helpful to the defense attorney in such a case. These include legible, detailed, and complete signed statements from named and unnamed insureds; statements from witnesses; photographs; reports from engineers, accountants, appraisers, etc., where appropriate; information from the first firefighters or police officers on the scene; information and official reports from the attending fire department and police department; and documentation such as corporate and property searches, deeds, mortgages, financial statements, real estate evaluations, and inventories before and after the fire. The author also indicates what facts must be proven by the insurer in the successful defense of the refusal to pay a claim based on attempted arson fraud. Court cases involving such successful defense are cited. 37 footnotes