The four specific agenda items on which papers were presented included statistics, research, and developments in corrections; prison education, training, and work; discipline and grievance procedures; and prison and the community. The host Minister of Justice presented the opening remarks, emphasizing characteristics of the Chinese criminal justice system. The reform-through-labor institutions in China strive to combine punishment with reform as well and to merge punishment and surveillance with ideological reform. Correctional administrators are urged to respect the human rights and dignity of prisoners; to give differential treatment, punishment, and rewards to prisoners in light of their individual behaviors; and to provide systematic and formal political, cultural, and technical education to inmates. The reform-through-labor mechanism is organized along principles of socialist modern collective production and aims to mobilize and rely on forces of various sectors of society to provide education and assistance to the correctional process. Law enforcement and correctional officers are trained to be highly ethical and competent.