Efforts to strengthen potential victims' resistance to sexual assault are widespread. A survey of 260 school districts in the United States revealed that nearly all offer instruction to both elementary and high school students. In addition, media articles, parent guidelines, and public service announcements tell parents and children to be cautious in their behaviors and supportive of victims. Evaluations have documented initial and longer-term impacts of these programs and have indicated that changes in content and structure could improve program performance. One of the most consistent recommendations is to provide children with opportunities for role playing in simulated situations involving risk. Teacher training and parent education programs are also increasingly including components related to preventing, recognizing, and responding appropriately to child sexual abuse. To ensure a reduction in child abuse cases, a more expansive prevention policy is needed. Components should include education for children at regular intervals, education of adolescents regarding healthy sexuality and appropriate displays of affection, comprehensive training programs for all professionals who work with children, parent education about sexual abuse and broader parenting responsibilities, institutional changes within child service and child welfare agencies, and public awareness efforts. 59 references