The data for this study were obtained from three agencies which provide home-based services: the Supportive Child Adult Network, Inc., the Franklin County (Ohio) Children Services, and the Iowa Children and Family Services. Neglect was the primary cause for referral in 87 percent of these cases; only 10 percent were also referred for sexual or physical abuse. The only family characteristic constant across all types of maltreatment groups was average family size of four persons. Families referred for child neglect were at an earlier stage of the family life cycle; this group included more nonwhite families, single parents, unemployed adults, and poor families. Neglecting families exhibited multiple problems including lower-functioning, socially isolated caretakers; inadequate housing, and problems with health, mental health, and family relationships. Neglect cases received the most comprehensive services including public assistance, parent education, protective services, and family and individual counseling. About 24 percent of neglect cases ended in placement, compared to 10 percent of sexual and physical abuse cases. These findings are illustrated through several case studies. 6 tables