Statistics address change in the State and Federal prison populations for 1980-92, inmates under the jurisdiction of State or Federal correctional authorities by region and jurisdiction for year-end 1991 and 1992, annual change in the number of sentenced inmates by region and jurisdiction for year-end 1986 through 1992, the prison situation among the States for year-end 1992, inmates by sex for year-end 1991 and 1992, State prisoners held in local jails because of prison crowding by State for year-end 1991 and 1992, reported Federal and State prison capacities for 1992, inmate population as a percentage of reported capacity for State prisons for 1987-92, and admissions to State prisons by type of admission for 1977-91. Data also encompass the number of new court commitments by offense and year of admission for 1977-90, the estimated number of adult arrests for selected serious offenses and drug offenses for 1977-90, and court commitments to State prisons relative to adult arrests for selected offenses for 1977-90. The number of inmates under the jurisdiction of Federal or State correctional authorities at year-end 1992 reached a record high of 883,593. In 1990, the latest year for which data are available, the number of new court commitments for drug offenses reached a record high, an estimated 103,800. 14 tables