The first article introduces provisions of Part I of the Criminal Justice Act 1991 that relate to custodial sentencing and that generally apply to the sentencing process. A separate section deals with early release under the Act. Another article describes the Parramatta men's jail in Sydney, Australia, which was reopened in 1986. Also, the Harare Commonwealth Declaration is summarized in one article. It outlines member nations' commitment to protect and promote fundamental political values, to continue to act against apartheid in South Africa, to provide equal rights to women, and to promote sustainable development and the alleviation of poverty. summarized. The "He Ara Hou" process of change, which is transforming the New Zealand prison system as a result of a comprehensive review of penal policies and practices, is described in another article. Finally, developments in corrections inside and outside the Commonwealth are outlined.