The discussion noted that inmates are potentially significant carriers of these other communicable diseases. In addition, the correctional environment provides a major opportunity for identifying and treating infected persons during their incarceration. For many, this is the first opportunity they have had for comprehensive health care. In addition, the correctional environment is a starting point for identifying and tracking these potential public health hazards. Thus, rather than simply providing inmate health care, the correctional medical responsibility is a crucial component of the public health system as a whole. Specific issues that correctional health care workers must address are how to manage the different stages of HIV infection; how to recognize HIV-related tuberculosis, including drug-resistant tuberculosis; how to protect themselves from occupational exposure; and provide information and support to inmates.