The analysis considers which social groups are more likely to experience long-term problems and whether such effects might be reduced by support from welfare and other agencies. Few studies have estimated the prevalence of physical injury as a result of crime, and their results vary markedly. In contrast, much research has examined psychological victimization effects, particularly among victims of sexual assault and child sexual abuse. Depression, shame, and fear are the most commonly identified long-term effects, among both victims and those who have witnessed these offenses. The research also suggests that victims of rape or childhood sexual abuse suffer significant and long-lasting behavioral consequences. Other data suggest that a significant proportion of crime victims may experience financial problems as a result of the offense. Victim services have expanded during the last 20 years, but insufficient data exist regarding victim needs. Nevertheless, existing research clearly indicates that extended care and support with a wide variety of victims would probably be both useful and used if available, although issues of short-term versus long-term services and the availability must be addressed. 200 references and list of Home Office publications