A general discussion of the nature of youth development and the prevention of alcohol and drug abuse discusses the importance of community institutions such as the family, school, and church in providing an environment and opportunities for youths to develop positively. The thrust of the manual's strategy is that negative behaviors can be prevented only through the development of positive behaviors and interests among youths. The manual then discusses program strategies and concepts that do not work for youth. They include drug legalization, crisis-oriented services, scare tactics, punitive labeling of youths, programs with a narrow focus, and information-only approaches. In discussing what does work, the manual presents the essential elements of effective youth-development programs. Such programs have a comprehensive strategy with a clear mission and goals; committed, caring professional leadership; youth-centered activities in youth-accessible facilities; culturally competent and diverse programs; youth ownership and involvement; and a positive focus that includes all youths. Actual programs that are effective are profiled, followed by guidelines for a community in the development of effective drug-prevention programs and strategies. A list of resources and a 40-item selected bibliography